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Using Heat to Increase Cooling George Hannah BEng (Hons) CEng MIMechE
How New Cooling Technologies for Data Centres Can Increase Efficiency and Reliability George Hannah BEng (Hons) CEng MIMechE Product Development Director
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Contents High Temperature Operation - Problem or Opportunity? - Air Containment – Why is it so important? - The Compressed Hot Aisle – Review - Hot, Compressed Hot or Cold Aisle – Which is Better?
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Energy Use and Data Centre Heat Management
2.8% Cooling 1.75 million tonnes CO2 £385,000,000 a year
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Data Centre Power Consumption
Space & energy Demand Growth (estimated): United Kingdom Indexed growth 28.5% in next 5 years High density 130 2020 Power 125 Space 120 115 110 105 100 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Source: DCD
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High Temperature Operation - Problem or Opportunity?
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The Second Law of Thermodynamics
“The second law states that spontaneous natural processes increase entropy overall, or in another formulation that heat can spontaneously be conducted or radiated only from a higher-temperature region to a lower-temperature region, but not the other way around.” TH TC Increasing Entropy TW
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Increasing Temperature = Increasing Opportunity
ROOM ROOM = °C RACK RACK = °C Increasing Opportunity CPU CPU = °C
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Server Technology Development
Discharge Air – Increasing Temperature 28 ºC 35 ºC 47 ºC 2kW 8kW 31kW Capacity – Increasing Density
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ASHRAE – TC 9.9 Thermal Guidelines
“TC 9.9 obtained informal consensus from the major commercial IT equipment manufacturers for both recommended” and “allowable” temperature and humidity ranges and for four environmental classes,…..”
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ASHRAE – TC 9.9 Thermal Guidelines
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ASHRAE – TC 9.9 Thermal Guidelines
Increasing Opportunity
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Data Centre Temperature
Capable 35+ Cooling system ASHRAE recommended 27 ! 22 Conventional Room temp ºC Capacity (kW) 16 18 20 24 26 28
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Rising Temperature and Cost Savings
Room temp ºC № CRAC units for 800kW CO2 300,000 kgCO2 200,000 kgCO2 Running costs £63,000 £42,000 12 CRAC unit 8 CRAC unit 22 27
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Air Containment – Why is it so important?
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Airflow Management Mixing of Air
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- The Compressed Hot Aisle – Review
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Traditional Hot Aisle Containment (HAC)
COLD AISLE CRAC ICT Cabinet
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Solution A – Compressed Hot Aisle – ECHO
ECHO Racks ECHO Chilled Water CRAC’s ECHO Active Cabinet Exhaust ECHO Free Cooling Chiller
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Solution A – Compressed Hot Aisle – ECHO
COLD AISLE CRAC ICT Cabinet
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Solution B – Compressed Hot Aisle – OnRak
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Solution B – Compressed Hot Aisle – OnRak
COLD AISLE
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- Hot, Compressed Hot or Cold Aisle – Which is Better?
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Hot Aisle vs. Cold Aisle vs. Compressed Hot Aisle
Feature Cold Aisle Hot Aisle Compressed Hot Aisle HX Return Air Temperature 20 – 27°C 28 – 47°C Server Inlet Temperature Approx 16°C Magnitude of Free Cooling Opportunity Medium High Cooling System Efficiency CPU Efficiency Space Claim Low Noise Low* Working Environment Ambient Good * = ECHO System
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Questions?
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