1. Connective Tissue

2. Connective Tissue
Functions: Protecting Supporting Binding together Characteristics: Variations in blood supply Have two parts, cells and matrix

3. Connective Tissues
2 Parts: 1. Cells (living) 2. Matrix (nonliving substance released by cells) A. Ground Substance B. Fiber

4. Connective Tissue Cells
Fibroblasts – secrete molecules that make ground substances and fibers.
Macrophages (Phagocytes) –part of the immune system, engulfs and digests foreign particle (only cell in the body that can move from tissue to tissue).
Plasma Cells – part of the immune system, short-lived, antibody producing cell.
Mast Cells – produce histamines (chemicals that cause inflammation), released during inflammatory or allergic responses.
All of the immune cells are produced in the bone marrow

5. The Matrix
The matrix is the space between the cells containing fibers and ground substance (fluid).
Amount of fibers and fluids will vary.
Materials in ground substances are normally clear, colorless, and similar in consistency to maple syrup. This dense consistency slows movement of bacteria and pathogens, making them easier prey for phagocytes.

6. Types of Connective Tissues
1. Loose Connective Tissue
2. Dense Connective Tissue
3. Cartilage
4. Bone (Osseous Tissue)
5. Blood

7. Types of Connective Tissues
1. Loose Connective Tissue –
more cells, few fibers
flexible
good blood supply

8. Areolar Connective
Contains fibroblasts, phagocytes, and plasma cells with lots of air space.
Functions:
Holds organs in place
Provides nutrients to and takes waste from organs
Location:
Everywhere

9. Areolar Connective

10. Adipose Connective
Composed of adipocytes; nucleus is pushed to the side, contain large oil vacuoles.
Location – under skin, around organs, behind eye, and padding for joints.
Function – insulation, protection, energy storage, support and protection.

11. Reticular Connective Intertwined reticular fibers and cells.
Location: framework of some organs (spleen) and part of bone marrow.
Function: forms organs and binds smooth muscle.

12. Types of Connective Tissue
2. Dense Connective Tissue –
More and denser fibers, fewer cells.
Regular Dense Connective
Irregular Dense Connective

13. Dense Connective or Dense Fibrous
Few fibroblasts, predominantly collagen fibers.
Location: tendons (m/b) and ligaments (b/b), lower layers of skin.
Function: attachment.

14. Types of Connective Tissue
3. Cartilage-
Endures stress.
No blood vessels or nerves.
Dense network of collagen fibers and elastic.
Cells - chondrocytes

15. Hyaline Cartilage Contains numerous chondrocytes.
Location: most cartilage (ends of bones near joints,larynx, rib attachment).
Function: movement, flexibility, and support.

16. Elastic Cartilage Chondrocytes and elastic fibers.
Location: ear, nose.
Function: maintain shape.

17. Fibrocartilage Chondrocytes and collagen fibers.
Location: in between hips and vertebrae (disks).
Function: support and fusion.

18. Types of Connective Tissue
4. Bone (Osseous Tissue) –
Bone cells (osteocytes) in cavities (lucunae)
calcified matrix

19. Types of Connective Tissue
5. Blood –
Liquid is plasma.
Cells- RBC, WBC, and platelets