1. Personality Theories, Continued
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Personality Theories, Continued

2. In Today’s Class… Objectives: Concept:
Define the following: Personality; Psychoanalysis; Unconscious; Nurturing
To list the most important factors that influence personality.
To know the four classifications of personality traits, and the possibilities for improving your own personality.
Concept:
Personality is related to the past through heredity and our experiences. It is related to the future because it gives a degree of predictability regarding future behavior.

3. Generalizations…
It is generally agreed that personality represents the totality of ones being.
The three mechanisms operating in personality development are: Identification, Introjection, Sublimation

4. Psychoanalysts Summary: Lewin
According to Lewin’s Theory there are three elements of “Self”:
The Personal Self
The Social Self
The Ideal Self

5. Psychoanalysts Summary: Freud
Freud separated an individual’s thinking into three parts in his Development of the Concept of Self: Id
Ego
Super-Ego

6. Psychoanalyst Summary: Jung
Jung believed that each individual has some traits of the extrovert and some of the introvert but that one tendency predominates. Others suggest we are ambiverts.

7. Psychoanalysts Summary: Adler
Adler believed that the will to excel is an individual’s primary motive. This he called determinism; inferiority complex arose from a failure to excel in a number of areas.
There are three main factors that influence a child’s personality development: Their home atmosphere; their discipline; and their adult models. 7

8. Psychoanalysts Summary: Sheldon
Sheldon believed that your personality depended on your body type.
Ectomorph: Thin, nervous, don’t like to get involved
Mesomorph: Muscular, aggressive
Endomorph: Rounded, soft bodies, sense of humor, good eaters, and good sleepers.

9. Psychoanalysts Summary: Erikson
Erikson described eight overlapping stages in the growth of self (emotional). Each stage was characterized by a shift in the way the individual views himself or herself. Identity crisis.

10. Steps to Change Personality
Many aspects of the personality can be changed if the individual recognizes the need for change.