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Personality Theories, Continued
Family Living 120 Personality Theories, Continued
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In Today’s Class… Objectives: Concept:
Define the following: Personality; Psychoanalysis; Unconscious; Nurturing To list the most important factors that influence personality. To know the four classifications of personality traits, and the possibilities for improving your own personality. Concept: Personality is related to the past through heredity and our experiences. It is related to the future because it gives a degree of predictability regarding future behavior.
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Generalizations… It is generally agreed that personality represents the totality of ones being. The three mechanisms operating in personality development are: Identification, Introjection, Sublimation
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Psychoanalysts Summary: Lewin
According to Lewin’s Theory there are three elements of “Self”: The Personal Self The Social Self The Ideal Self
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Psychoanalysts Summary: Freud
Freud separated an individual’s thinking into three parts in his Development of the Concept of Self: Id Ego Super-Ego
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Psychoanalyst Summary: Jung
Jung believed that each individual has some traits of the extrovert and some of the introvert but that one tendency predominates. Others suggest we are ambiverts.
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Psychoanalysts Summary: Adler
Adler believed that the will to excel is an individual’s primary motive. This he called determinism; inferiority complex arose from a failure to excel in a number of areas. There are three main factors that influence a child’s personality development: Their home atmosphere; their discipline; and their adult models. 7
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Psychoanalysts Summary: Sheldon
Sheldon believed that your personality depended on your body type. Ectomorph: Thin, nervous, don’t like to get involved Mesomorph: Muscular, aggressive Endomorph: Rounded, soft bodies, sense of humor, good eaters, and good sleepers.
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Psychoanalysts Summary: Erikson
Erikson described eight overlapping stages in the growth of self (emotional). Each stage was characterized by a shift in the way the individual views himself or herself. Identity crisis.
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Steps to Change Personality
Many aspects of the personality can be changed if the individual recognizes the need for change.
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