1. Genetic Testing Stephanie Fuqua Scott Hoedt Nelson Jean Ryan McMunn
Erin Moore
Brian Yasuzawa

2. What is Genetic Testing?
The analysis of human DNA, RNA, chromosomes, proteins, and certain metabolites in order to detect heritable disease-related genotypes, mutations, phenotypes, pr karyotypes for clinical purposes

3. Two Types of Genetic Testing
Genetic Screening
examines genetic makeup for specified inherited characteristics to detect heritable conditions
Genetic Monitoring
determines whether an individuals genetic makeup has changed over time due to hazardous workplace environments

4. What is it Used For?
To predict risk of disease, identifying carriers, and establishing prenatal and clinical diagnosis or prognosis
Find genetic information about pre-dispositions for occupational illnesses
Firms can use this information to keep certain people out of the workplace to lower costs of sick days and health benefits

5. What Else is it Used For?
Make the workplace safer for employees with a genetic predisposition

6. Reasons Against Genetic Testing
Invasion of Privacy and Confidentiality
many people do not want the information about themselves and their blood relatives available to everyone, as of now employers have the same access to genetic test results as they do to other medical records.
Discrimination
information may be used to avoid hiring or even for firing

7. Reasons Against Genetic Testing
Commercially Available
many who order tests do not know how to interpret the results
Not FDA Approved
no government oversight or quality control, with questionable accuracy and reliability

8. Reasons Against Genetic Testing
Expensive to Employer
Hiring should be based on ability rather than possible long term costs to the company

9. Reasons For Genetic Testing
Employer should be allowed to test for effects of substances that may be found in the workplace to ensure worker safety
Decreased insurance costs

10. Current Laws
February 8, President Clinton signed an executive order prohibiting federal departments and agencies from using genetic information in any hiring or promotion action
prohibits requiring or requesting tests
provides strong privacy protection for medical treatment and research

11. Current Laws
In March of 1995, the EEOC issued a new interpretation of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) stating that companies that discriminate on the basis of genetic pre-dispositions are regarding the individuals as having impairments and they are thus covered by the ADA

12. Current Laws Most laws have been made at the state level
currently 28 states have specific laws that ban genetic testing
There are currently no federal laws that prohibit employers from requesting genetic tests or information from employees