1. (1) Adaptations: the heart
Myocardium (heart muscle)
Maximum cardiac output
Stroke volume
Resting heart rate

2. (2) Adaptations: the heart
Myocardium (heart muscle)
Maximum cardiac output
Stroke volume
Resting heart rate
Hypertrophy of the myocardium (heart gets bigger and stronger) which means more blood can be pumped around the body

3. (3) Adaptations: the heart
Myocardium (heart muscle)
Maximum cardiac output
Stroke volume
Resting heart rate
Hypertrophy of the myocardium (heart gets bigger and stronger) which means more blood can be pumped around the body
Increases

4. (4) Adaptations: the heart
Myocardium (heart muscle)
Maximum cardiac output
Stroke volume
Resting heart rate
Hypertrophy of the myocardium (heart gets bigger and stronger) which means more blood can be pumped around the body
Increases

5. (5) Adaptations: the heart
Myocardium (heart muscle)
Maximum cardiac output
Stroke volume
Resting heart rate
Hypertrophy of the myocardium (heart gets bigger and stronger) which means more blood can be pumped around the body
Increases
Decreases (bradycardia)

6. (6) Adaptations: the lungs
Maximum minute ventilation
Strength of respiratory muscles
Lung volume
Diffusion rates

7. (7) Adaptations: the lungs
Maximum minute ventilation
Strength of respiratory muscles
Lung volume
Diffusion rates
Increases due to an increase in tidal volume and respiratory rate

8. (8) Adaptations: the lungs
Maximum minute ventilation
Strength of respiratory muscles
Lung volume
Diffusion rates
Increases due to an increase in tidal volume and respiratory rate
Become stronger, making breathing more efficient

9. (9) Adaptations: the lungs
Maximum minute ventilation
Strength of respiratory muscles
Lung volume
Diffusion rates
Increases due to an increase in tidal volume and respiratory rate
Become stronger, making breathing more efficient
Small increases in resting lung volume result in a greater area for diffusion to take place

10. (10) Adaptations: the lungs
Maximum minute ventilation
Strength of respiratory muscles
Lung volume
Diffusion rates
Increases due to an increase in tidal volume and respiratory rate
Become stronger, making breathing more efficient
Small increases in resting lung volume result in a greater area for diffusion to take place
Improve

11. (11) Adaptations: the blood
Blood volume
Blood acidity

12. (12) Adaptations: the blood
Blood volume
Blood acidity
Increases, due mainly to an increase in blood plasma; this decreases blood viscosity, which allows greater flow through the capillaries and a small increase in red blood cells, which enhances oxygen transport

13. (13) Adaptations: the blood
Blood volume
Blood acidity
Increases, due mainly to an increase in blood plasma; this decreases blood viscosity, which allows greater flow through the capillaries and a small increase in red blood cells, which enhances oxygen transport
Less acidic at rest but more acidic during exercise due to a greater tolerance of lactic acid

14. (14) Adaptations: the vascular system
Elasticity of arterial walls
Capillary network surrounding the lungs and skeletal muscle
A-VO2 diff

15. (15) Adaptations: the vascular system
Elasticity of arterial walls
Capillary network surrounding the lungs and skeletal muscle
A-VO2 diff
Increases, making it easier to cope with fluctuations in blood pressure

16. (16) Adaptations: the vascular system
Elasticity of arterial walls
Capillary network surrounding the lungs and skeletal muscle
A-VO2 diff
Increases, making it easier to cope with fluctuations in blood pressure
Increases, allowing more gaseous exchange to take place

17. (17) Adaptations: the vascular system
Elasticity of arterial walls
Capillary network surrounding the lungs and skeletal muscle
A-VO2 diff
Increases, making it easier to cope with fluctuations in blood pressure
Increases, allowing more gaseous exchange to take place
Increases

18. (18) Adaptations: the muscles 1
Myoglobin content
Number of mitochondria
Enzyme activity
Glycogen and trigyceride stores

19. (19) Adaptations: the muscles
Myoglobin content
Number of mitochondria
Enzyme activity
Glycogen and trigyceride stores
Increases, which means that more oxygen can be stored in the muscle

20. (20) Adaptations: the muscles
Myoglobin content
Number of mitochondria
Enzyme activity
Glycogen and trigyceride stores
Increases, which means that more oxygen can be stored in the muscle
Increases, which increases aerobic metabolism

21. (21) Adaptations: the muscles
Myoglobin content
Number of mitochondria
Enzyme activity
Glycogen and trigyceride stores
Increases, which means that more oxygen can be stored in the muscle
Increases, which increases aerobic metabolism
Increases, which increases the efficiency of the aerobic system

22. (22) Adaptations: the muscles
Myoglobin content
Number of mitochondria
Enzyme activity
Glycogen and trigyceride stores
Increases, which means that more oxygen can be stored in the muscle
Increases, which increases aerobic metabolism
Increases, which increases the efficiency of the aerobic system
Increase