1. PAST PERFECT TENSE

2. By 1999 Oprah Winfrey had become famous.
We use past perfect to show that smth. happened before a specific time in the past.
2005
2001
1999
Now
Past
Future
became famous
died
got the Oscar
By 1999 Oprah Winfrey had become famous.
After she had become famous, she got the Oscar.
Before she died in 2005, she had got the Oscar.

3. The sun had risen when I woke up.
first action
second action
PAST
FUTURE
I woke up
The sun rose
NOW
The sun had risen when I woke up.
First: he ate his lunch.
Then: he lit a cigarette.
After he had eaten his lunch, he lit a cigarette.
First: The plane took off. (It’s 7.30)
Then: We arrived at the airport. (It’s 8.00)
By the time we arrived at the airport, the plane
had taken off.

4. First Then 1) Sue / pack/ her suitcase call / a taxi
2) Bob/drink/some beer
pay/ the bill
3) Mary /read /the contract
sign/ it
4) The show / finish
the boys/ leave/ there
5) Peter /draw/ some money from the bank
buy/ his plane ticket
1) After Sue had packed her suitcase, she called a taxi.
2) After Bob had drunk some beer, he paid the bill.
3) After Mary had read the contract, she signed it.
4) As soon as the show had finished, the boys left there.
5) After Peter had drawn some money from the bank,
he bought his ticket.

5. First Then 1) Sue / already/pack/ her suitcase call / a taxi
2) Bob/drink/some beer
pay/ the bill
3) Mary /read /the contract
sign/ it
4) The show / already /finish
the boys/ leave/ the theatre
5) Peter /draw/ some money from the bank
buy/ his plane ticket
1) Before Mary called a taxi, she had already packed her suitcase
2) Before Bob paid the bill, he had drunk some beer
3) Before Mary signed the contract,she had read it.
4) When the boys left the theatre,the show had already
finished.
5) Before Peter bought his ticket, he had drawn some money from the bank.

6. CONJUNCTIONS AFTER had+v3, v2 AS SOON AS past perf., past tense
Eg: After the doctor had examined me, he wrote a prescription.
BEFORE v , had+ v3
BY THE TIME past tense, past perf.
WHEN
Eg: Before the doctor wrote a prescription, he had examined me.
                              

7. First the burglars left the building. Then the police arrived.
had left
After the burglars ___________________ the building,the police
________________.
arrived
arrived
By the time the police ________________, the burglars
________________.
had left

8. First I learned French. Then I went to France.
had learned
I ____________________ French before
I __________ to France.
went
I __________________ to France after
I _______________ French.
went
had learned
After I _____________ French, I _______________ to France.
had learned
went
Before I _____________ to France,I ______________ French.
went
had learned

9. I read the book,then I watched its film.
had read
watched
After I ________________ the book, I _____________
its film.
watched
had read
Before I ________________ the film, I ______________
its book.
had read
I ___________________ the book before I
______________ the film.
watched
watched
I _______________ the film after I
________________ the book.
had read

10. I was late. The teacher(give/already) _____________
OPEN THE BRACKETS
had been
Sam (be) ___________ a newspaper reporter before he (become) __________ businessman.
I (feel)___________ a little better after I (take) _________ the painkiller.
I was late. The teacher(give/already) _____________
a quiz when I (get) _________ to class.
It was raining hard,but by the time the course (be) ______________over, the rain (stop)_____________.
Millions of years ago, dinosaurs (roam) _________ the earth, but they (become) ______________ extinct by the humankind first (appear)____________.
I(see/never) ________________ any of Picasso’s paintings before I (visit)___________ the art museum.
Yesterday at a restaurant,I (see) _________ Pam Donelly, an old friend of mine.I (not/see) __________ her for years. At first,I (not/recognize) __________ her because she (lose) ________ a great deal of weight.
became
felt
had taken
had already given
got
was
had stopped
roamed
became
had appeared
had read
had never seen
visited
saw
haven’t seen
didn’t/ couldn’t recognize
had lost