1. Why did Industrial Revolution happen in Great Britain first?
How did changes in textile industry bring changes to other industries?
How did changes in Transportation and Communication help speed and spread the Industrial Revolution?

2. The Industrial Revolution

3. Personal
Response
Illustrations
Questions

4. Started with changes in agricultural Enclosure movement in 1600s
Britain look for more food in 1800s
Enclosure movement add land to big farmers and moved the small farmers to city
Allow to experiment
Jethro Tull = seed drill and horse drawn hoe
Viscount Charles “Turnip” Townsend
Crop rotation
Jethro Wood iron plow with standard parts

6. Farming leads to Industry
Britain the birthplace of Industrial Revolution
1. Factors of Production
Land ,labor, capital
2. Colonies
3. Navy

7. Many businesses effected by machines
Textiles
Iron and Steel
Transportation
Communication

8. Textiles
1st used domestic system
John Kay = Flying shuttle

9. Textiles
James Hargreaves = Spinning Jenny

10. Textiles
Richard Arkwright = water frame

11. Textiles
Samuel Crompton = Spinning Mule = combo of Jenny and Water Frame

12. Textiles
Edmund Cartwright = Power loom
Used water

13. 1784 Arkwright created a spinning mill which hired hundreds of workers.
They worked a set number of hours for a wage
Beginning of the factory system

14. Effects on Textile Industry
Make cotton clothe cheaper to produce
Price goes down demand goes up
1761 England imported 4 million pounds of cotton
1815 England imported 100 million pounds of cotton
Helped by Eli Whitney in 1793

15. Steam Power Water first source Problems Next use steam
Limit factory location
Limited power
Next use steam
1st Thomas Newcomen
James Watt

17. Iron and Steel and others
Machines need iron
Machines need Coal and Iron
Britain has huge supplies of both
Steam power = iron not strong enough
Bessemer process = iron to steel
Use gas to light cities
Charles Goodyear = rubber production
Oil becomes more important

19. Transportation Roads = John McAdam Canals
George Stephenson = Locomotives
Rocket 30 MPH
Robert Fulton = Steamship
Clermont
1838 Great Western crossed Atlantic ocean in 15 days
Iron and steel ships replace wooden ones

23. Communication Alessandro Volta = Battery
Andre Ampre = Electric Current and Magnetic effect
Samuel Morse
Morse Code
Telegraph
Cable across English Channel (1844)
Cable from Europe to US (1866)

26. Spreading France slow to accept IR = they are agriculture based
Germany slow at first by 1870 they are an equal with England
US adopted ideas from all over to bring IR in US