1. Chemistry of Life
Chapter 6
By PresenterMedia.com

2. Element Examples Made up of Atoms
Cannot be broken down into simpler substances
Examples
Hydrogen
Carbon
Oxygen

3. Atom
Smallest particle of an element

4. Atom Components
Nucleus: Center of the atom

6. Compound H2O Made up of chemically combined elements
Can be broken down into its elements
Water is an example, made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom
CO2
H2O
NaCl

7. How Many Atoms…
Are in Glucose?
C6H12O6
=24
24 atoms

8. Covalent Bond Formed when two atoms share electrons
HINT: Covalent = Co Captain shares duties
or Co-Pilot shares duties

9. Ionic Bond
Attractive force between two ions of opposite charges

10. Hydrogen Bond
Weak chemical bonds involving Hydrogen

11. Polar Molecule Molecule with unequal distribution of charge
Example: Water
HINT: Unequal

12. Diffusion
Net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration
High to Low

13. Dynamic Equilibrium
Continuous movement but no overall change in concentration
HINT: Think of a treadmill

14. Metabolism
All of the chemical reactions that take place within an organism.
Example:
Eating- the food we eat is turned into energy

15. pH Measures how acidic or basic Acid: forms hydrogen ions in water H+
Below 7
Base: forms hydroxide ions OH- in water
Above 7

16. Guess the pH

17. Four Types of Organic Compounds that Make up Living Things

18. Carbohydrates Composed of carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen CHO
Sugars and Starches (energy sources)
Starch comes from plants-mainly grains & potatoes
Monosaccharide – mono = 1, saccharide = sugar
Ex. Fructose, Glucose
Disaccharide
Ex. Sucrose – Table Sugar
Polysaccaride
Ex. Starch, glycogen, cellulose

19. Carbohydrates

20. Lipids Composed of carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen CHO
Energy Storage, insulation
Insoluble in water and Nonpolar.
Fats, Oils, Waxes and steroids, phospholipids

21. Proteins Composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen CHON
Provide structure for tissues & organs
Abundant in muscle
Amino Acids – building blocks of protein 20 common amino acids
Peptide Bond – covalent bond between amino acids
Ex. Insulin, hemoglobin, Enzymes – changes the rate of chemical reaction

22. Enzymes A.K.A.-Catalysts Speed up reactions Lock & Key
Temperature and pH impact shape of enzyme
Usually end in “ASE”
Lower activation energy

23. Nucleic Acids Polymers are made of subunits called nucleotides
Nucleotides: consist of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus
Example: DNA, RNA
Genetic material

24. Short review