1. Hinduism and Buddhism
World CIvilizations

2. What are the 5 major religions?
Christianity
Islam
Judaism
Hinduism
Buddhism

3. Hinduism Has no single founder, but originated
from the mixing of Harappan and
Aryan cultures in ancient India around
1500 BCE

4. Hinduism Hindus believe in one unifying spirit, Brahman
Brahman can manifest in many, polytheistic, forms or in one, monotheistic

5. Hinduism The Caste System Was outlawed in 1948
Was/is an important part of Hinduism
You are born into a certain caste, and if you live
a good life, when you die you will be born again
and be born into the next caste up
If you have lived a good life in the Vaishya caste,
in your next life you will be born into the Kshatryia
caste

6. Hinduism Caste determine occupation
You cannot marry outside of your caste
You cannot share food with someone of a different caste

7. Hinduism Hinduism is based on the reincarnation system
Your soul moves up and down the caste system when you die
A person gets closer to the top of the caste system by following the Law of Karma
Good deeds involve following your Dharma, or duties dependent on your position, gender, and occupation
If you’re really bad, you can even be reincarnated into animals

8. Hinduism Hindu’s have sacred texts, including Vedas and Upanishads
The Ramayana is a Hindu story of creation
3 main gods:
Brahma – the source of all things and is all things
Shiva – the destroyer
Vishnu – the preserver
All other gods are manifestations of Brahma

9. Hinduism All Hindu’s have 4 goals: Dharma – righteousness
Artha – success/prosperity
Kama – satisfaction of desires
Moksha – release from “samsara,” the life cycle

10. Hinduism Atman – “soul”, every living thing has one
The body is mortal, but the soul is immortal
Reincarnation – soul is reborn in another form
Dharma – your record
Karma – law of consequences
Samsara – transmigration & reincarnation
Ultimate goal – moksha or nirvana
Your atman blends with Brahman and becomes part of it

11. Buddhism Started as a philosophy, not a religion
It is a “nontheistic” religion
Founder: Siddhartha Gautama
Born 563 B.C. – Died 487 B.C.
“The Buddha” means “awakened” or “enlightened”

12. Buddhism
Gautama was born into a wealthy Hindu family along the Nepal/India border
His father was a raja (king)
“Seers” or astrologers predicted he was someone great but would reject his legacy
So…his father kept him sheltered in the palace
He gets married, and has a son

13. Buddhism
Finally leaves the palace, and renounces his faith to seek spiritual enlightenment
After meeting a holy man, he decides to try to find the meaning of life
Renounces his title, all material belongings, and his wife and kids
Wanders around, experiences enlightenment and becomes “the Buddha.”
Shares his teachings = Buddhism

14. Buddhism
Buddhism spread to eastern Asia, including China, Thailand, Korea, and Japan
In other areas, Buddhism was adapted and took on new forms

15. Buddhism The Four Noble Truths: Life is subject to sorrow
Sorrow is caused by our cravings or desires, which come from being ignorant
Sorrow can be eliminated by eliminating the cravings/desires
The way to eliminate cravings/desires is to follow the Eightfold Path or “Middle Way”

16. Buddhism Eightfold Path
By following the Eightfold Path, the ultimate goal is to eliminate sorrow and achieve “nirvana” or true enlightenment
Eightfold Path
Rights views
Right intentions
Right Speech
Right Action
Right livelihood
Right effort
Right Mindfulness
Right Concentration

17. Buddhism
Buddha did not record his teachings, but after he died, his followers collected them into the Tripitaka
Today’s Tibetan Buddhists are led by the Dalai Lama, who advocates for freedom from China

18. https://www. khanacademy
thats-where-that-comes-from-2/v/crash-course-world-history-06
Hinduism starts at 0:52
Buddhism starts at 5:18