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Thermal Transfer
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Thermal Transfer Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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-From the specification
Candidates should be able to explain, in terms of particles, how these energy transfers take place. Candidates should understand in simple terms how the arrangement and movement of particles determine whether a material is a conductor or an insulator and understand the role of free electrons in conduction through a metal. Candidates should be able to use the idea of particles moving apart to make a fluid less dense, to explain simple applications of convection. -From the specification
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Thermal Transfer There are three methods of thermal energy transfer:
Conduction Convection Radiation Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Conduction Conduction in non-metals Heat Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Conduction The applied heat causes the particles to vibrate more about their fixed position Heat Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Conduction They gain kinetic energy and collide with their neighbours and transfer some energy Heat Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Conduction Eventually the heat energy is transferred throughout the object Heat Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Conduction Conduction in metals
Metals have delocalised electrons that are free to move Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Conduction The energy is transferred by the delocalised electrons colliding with each other and the positive ions. Heat is transferred along the positive ions the same way as for non-metals Heat Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Conduction Conduction is the main method of thermal transfer in a solid However conduction can occur when ever two particles collide and energy is transferred. For example although particles in gases are on average very far from each other they do occasionally collide and conduct thermal energy. Gases do conduct, but poorly! Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Why are different parts of this pan made from different materials (3 marks) Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Conduction Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Convection Convection is the transfer of thermal energy through a fluid A fluid can be a gas or a liquid Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Convection The density of the wax decreases.
The particles in the wax gain kinetic energy and move more, they spread out from each other. Heat is applied to the wax at the bottom of the lava lamp Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Convection As it rises it moves away from the heat source and cools down. Its density increases and it sinks back down. The wax rises above the heavier density material Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Convection Why is convection important in fridges?
Why is the freezer compartment at the top of a fridge? The freezer compartment is at the top of a fridge because cool air sinks. The freezer cools the air at the top and this cold air cools the food on the way down. It is warmer at the bottom of the fridge. This warmer air rises and so a convection current is set up inside the fridge, which helps to keep the fridge cool. Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Radiation There are no solids or fluid in between the Earth and the Sun yet all of the energy we have on Earth comes from the Sun? Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Radiation Infrared radiation is part of the electromagnetic spectrum
It is a transverse wave that can travel through a vacuum This is cross over with the waves topic Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Radiation Why are solar panels dark?
Dark colours are better absorbers of infrared radiation than light colours Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Radiation Absorber Emitter Reflector Dark Light Shiny Matt Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Radiation Absorber Emitter Reflector Dark Good Light Shiny Matt Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Radiation Absorber Emitter Reflector Dark Good Light Shiny Matt Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Radiation Absorber Emitter Reflector Dark Good Bad Light Shiny Matt Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Radiation Absorber Emitter Reflector Dark Good Bad Light Shiny Matt Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Radiation Absorber Emitter Reflector Dark Good Bad Light Shiny Matt Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Radiation Absorber Emitter Reflector Dark Good Bad Light Shiny Matt Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Radiation Absorber Emitter Reflector Dark Good Bad Light Shiny Matt Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Radiation Absorber Emitter Reflector Dark Good Bad Light Shiny Matt Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Radiation Absorber Emitter Reflector Dark Good Bad Light Shiny Matt Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Radiation Absorber Emitter Reflector Dark Good Bad Light Shiny Matt Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Radiation Absorber Emitter Reflector Dark Good Bad Light Shiny Matt Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
Radiation Absorber Emitter Reflector Dark Good Bad Light Shiny Matt Describe and explain the three types of thermal energy transfer in terms of KTM Apply knowledge to explain the design of range of objects
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Convection
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