1. Date of download: 10/22/2017
Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved.
From: Development and Validation of a Musculoskeletal Model of the Fully Articulated Thoracolumbar Spine and Rib Cage
J Biomech Eng. 2015;137(8): doi: /
Figure Legend:
Muscle anatomy for the baseline model (pre-adjusted model) was derived from prior cadaver studies and anatomical descriptions. We generated a new model with muscle group CSA and position scaled to match average in vivo values of muscle CSA and position that were measured on CT scans in a sample of older males (cohort CT measurements) at the vertebral midslices of T6–L5 for several major muscle groups. (a)–(c) The improvement in CSA, AP moment arm, and ML moment arm for the erector spinae muscle group in the adjusted versus pre-adjusted model. The error bars are ±1 standard deviations of the measured data.