1. UNIT 1: MACROMOLECULES YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT!
STRUCTURE & Function NOTES

2. Macromolecules: What are they?
Macro = large
Molecule = building block of every living thing
Macromolecules = large molecules that makes up all life!
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins

3. Carbohydrates: EXAMPLES
SIMPLE CARBS:
Glucose: table sugar (sucrose)
Suffix: -ose (cellulose, maltose etc.)
COMPLEX CARBS:
Starch – potatoes
Most food made from plants: bread, pasta, rice etc.

4. Carbohydrates: STRUCTURE
Hexagon (6 sides) “rings”
Made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen (C, H, O)
Can connect together in a chain of rings (complex carbs)

5. Carbohydrates: FUNCTION
source of SHORT-TERM energy

6. Lipids: EXAMPLES Fats: white part of meat, butter
Oils: olive, vegetable etc.
Waxes: beeswax, candles
LIPIDS ARE WATERPROOF

7. Lipids: STRUCTURE Fatty Acid CHAINS
“Head” + Fatty Acid “Tail”  does NOT like water

8. Lipids: FUNCTION Store energy that’s not being used for the LONG TERM
Make up the cell membrane (“skin/border” of the cell): phospholipid bilayer

9. Did you get this?
For breakfast, you eat a piece of toast spread with butter.
1. What two macromolecules have you just consumed?
Carbohydrate and Lipid
2. What purpose would the bread serve in your body?
SHORT-TERM source of energy
3. What purpose would the butter serve in your body?
LONG TERM energy storage and cell membrane production

10. Proteins: EXAMPLES ENZYMES!! Suffix: -ase (lactase, amylase etc.)
YOU! All living things are mostly made of proteins (skin, hair, muscle, organs etc.)
Animal Products: meat & dairy
Plant Products: nuts & beans

11. Proteins: STRUCTURE Chain of AMINO ACIDS Contain NITROGEN (“amino”)
These fold up and form proteins of many different shapes and sizes

12. PROTEINS: FUNCTION Enzymes  chemical reactions
Structure  building blocks
hair, connective tissue, muscles, organs etc.
Cell signaling (communication) and Transport of materials in/out of the cell