1. HISTORICAL GLOBALIZATION
CHAPTER SIX
LEGACIES OF
HISTORICAL GLOBALIZATION

2. WHAT ARE SOME LEGACIES OF HISTORICAL GLOBALIZATION?
Legacy Something that has been passed on by those who live in the past.
Can include things like: political structures, building/monuments, stories, artifacts, traditions, and cultural celebrations and also trauma….
Much that has shaped your identity can be attributed to legacies that are passed on to you. Example: language, family traditions

3. Ethnocentrism
Ethnocentrism refers to the way of thinking that centres on one’s own race and culture. They believe the only valid worldview is their own. They judge other people according to their beliefs and values. Example: In the early 20th century in Canada, many people of British heritage looked down upon immigrants who were from other countries that weren’t Britain.

4. Eurocentrism
Eurocentrism A form of ethnocentrism that uses European ethnic, national, religious, and linguistic criteria to judge other peoples and their cultures. Example: “It is the consciousness of the inherent superiority of the European which has won for us India. However well educated and clever a native may be, and however brave he may prove himself, I believe that no(military)rank we can bestow on him would cause him to be considered equal to a British officer.” Lord Kitchener, 1902…

5. BUILDING EMPIRES
Between 1876 and 1914, the imperial powers greatly expanded their global possessions. During that time, many indigenous peoples came under the control of the imperial powers. Which event happened in 1914 that interfered with empire building?

6. The Scramble for Africa
Late 19th century large parts of Africa remained independent of control of European empires.
This changed in 1884, when representatives of the US, Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Britain, Italy, the Netherlands, the Ottoman Empire, Portugal, Russia, Spain, and Sweden-Norway met in Berlin, Germany, to divided Africa among themselves.
They wanted to avoid conflicts with other imperial powers, protect existing trade routes, and gain control of the continents natural resources, with included gold, diamonds, and rubber.
No one consulted the Indigenous peoples whose lands and resources were taken over by Europe’s imperial powers.

7. King Leopold and the Congo
King Leopold is responsible for sparing the scramble for Africa
The area he claimed is today the Democratic Republic of the Congo & Republic of Congo.
1185- he forced the Indigenous peoples from their land & made them work harvesting natural rubber, creating great wealth for the King & Belgium

8. Atrocities committed under King Leopold
Indigenous that resisted were brutally punished: beaten, mutilated (hands, ears, or feet cut off), and many were killed.
Some experts estimate 10 million died during King Leopold’s rule or directly after.
Leopold tried to prevent knowledge of these atrocities from reaching the outside world, and was fairly successful for nearly a decade.

9. Legacies and Patterns of Historical Change
The imperial powers changed the culture of the people in their colonies. Think of Canada, what legacies of French and British rule still remain? Other examples: French is spoken in North Africa, Portuguese is spoken in Brazil, French is still spoken in Vietnam, English is still used for commercial communications in India. Read page 145

10. Legacies of Migration
During the early 19th and 20th centuries, millions of people were on the move. Example? Why? What was powerful enough to persuade them to leave their country of birth? Ideas?

11. Legacies of Displacement
Indigenous peoples were forced off their land for settlements, railways, mining, lumbering, plantations…etc…… Traditional forms of government were ignored. What legacies did this leave?

12. Legacies of Depopulation
Deportation of slaves led to the depopulation of some areas of Africa. Depopulation- a reduction in population caused by natural or human-made forces. Indentured laborers from India caused depopulation. Why didn’t they move home when their contract was up? Famine and disease also played a role in depopulation.

13. GOODS AND TECHNOLOGIES
HOW HAS THE EXCHANGE OF
GOODS AND TECHNOLOGIES
AFFECTED PEOPLE?

14. Much of what we consume today is available because of the world wide exchange of goods that happened in the 15th century.
For example: Buffalo hunting changed for the First Nation’s people because they were introduced to horses and guns.

15. CONTACT AND CULTURAL EXCHANGE IN INDIA
British East India Company Granted a monopoly to trade in India. The officials of the company became very powerful. They made alliances with Indian rulers to keep goods moving smoothly. They also created their own army, officers were British and enlisted men were Indian (Sepoys). The army protected the monopoly. Could this company be considered a transnational?

16. They weren’t always nice!!
The British East India Company was not always nice…go figure! High taxes on Indian people Corruption of company officials British government took over the direct rule of India…and a period known as the RAJ began. This means “rule”

17. Cotton and Deindustrialization in India
Britain needed raw materials to supply factories. Also Britain needed markets….lets sell it to the people in the colonies. So now the colonies supplied the resources, and bought back the finished products. Indian cotton competed with the British made product. British government banned the import of all dyed and printed cloths from India. This crushed the Indian Cotton industry. Deindustrialization The loss of industry….

18. The Cotton Trade and Mohandas Gandhi
Led India to independence in His strategy was peaceful, non-cooperation with the British. Leader of the Indian National Congress Party. Believed every Indian should be self-sufficient. Page 152