1. Bi-Weekly Safety Meeting October 30, 2015
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
Bi-Weekly Safety Meeting
October 30, 2015

2. OSHA Standard
The Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) is an OSHA regulation intended to prevent adverse health effects of hazardous materials in the workplace.
It requires chemical manufacturers, suppliers, and importers to assess the hazards of the chemicals they produce or import, and to inform employers, customers, and workers of these hazards. 

3. OSHA Standard
HCS specifies that information on chemical hazards be provided through the following:
access to safety data sheets (SDS)
properly labeled chemical containers
appropriate training on chemical hazards and safe work procedures

4. MSDS = SDS
Safety Data Sheets (SDS) - formerly Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) - are the backbone of the Hazardous Communication System.
They provide comprehensive and specific information used not only by workplaces that manufacture, use, transport or store hazardous chemicals, but also by emergency responders, poison control centers, and transporters of dangerous goods.

5. Safety Data Sheets
The information contained in the SDS is presented in a consistent user-friendly, 16-section format:
Sections 1 through 8
contain general information about the chemical, identification, hazards, composition, safe handling practices, and emergency control measures (e.g., fire fighting).
Sections 9 through 11, and 16
contain other technical and scientific information, such as physical and chemical properties, stability and reactivity information, toxicological information, and exposure control information
Sections 12 through 15
to be consistent with the UN GHS system, but OSHA will not enforce the content of these sections because they concern matters handled by other agencies.

6. Pictograms
Nine hazard pictograms that correspond with the health and physical hazards, and are intended to help workers determine chemical hazards at a glance.

7. Sample SDS

8. Hazard Classification
Chemicals are classified according to two types of hazards:
HEALTH
toxic effects on the body causing damage to skin, eyes, or lungs through corrosion
encouraging the development of cancer or other serious health conditions
PHYSICAL
fire, explosion, or other violent reaction

9. Health Hazards Acute Toxicity Skin Corrosion/Irritation
Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation
Respiratory or Skin Sensitization
Germ Cell Mutagenicity
Carcinogenicity
Reproductive Toxicity
Target Organ Systemic Toxicity – Single and Repeated Dose
Aspiration Toxicity

10. Health Hazards cont’d…
Health Effects can be Local or Systemic
Local
The site on the body at which a toxic material makes contact with a harmful effect.
Systemic
Occurs when a toxic material is absorbed into the body and carried into the blood stream to produce a harmful effect on organs and body systems.

11. Health Hazards cont’d… Health Effects can be Acute or Chronic
Effects that are severe and sudden in onset. They appear immediately after an exposure of short duration.
Chronic
Effects that develop slowly and do not appear for months or years after long-term exposure.

12. Health Hazards cont’d…
Routes of Entry
Lungs (inhalation)
Skin (absorption)
Mouth (ingestion)
Eyes

13. Physical Hazards Explosives
Flammability – gases, aerosols, liquids, solids
Oxidizers – liquid, solid, gases
Self-Reactive
Pyrophoric – liquids, solids
Self-Heating
Organic Peroxides
Corrosive to Metal
Gases Under Pressure
Water-Activated Flammable Gases

14. Labels
Labels are attached to containers to provide workers with “at a glance” information about chemical hazards. 
They are limited in the amount of information they present and are designed to provide a brief summary of the more detailed information available on the SDS or MSDS.

15. Labels Should Contain:
Product Identifier – Should match the product identifier on the Safety Data Sheet
Signal Word – Either use “Danger” (severe) or “Warning” (less severe)
Hazard Statement – A phrase assigned to a hazard class that describes the nature of the product’s hazards
Precautionary Statements – Describes recommended measures to minimize or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure
Supplier Identification – Name, address, and telephone number of the manufacturer or supplier.
Pictograms – Graphical symbols intended to convey specific hazard information visually

17. TOXICOLOGY

18. Information & Definitions on Determining Exposure
Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
The PEL is the maximum concentration of an airborne contaminant to which an unprotected worker may be exposed during the course of workplace activities.
PEL Ceiling Value
The concentration of a substance that should not be exceeded at any time.
Concentration – Parts Per Million (PPM)
The concentration of a substance is a measure of the "strength" of that substance and can be measured different ways:
% = Parts per hundred
PPM = Parts per million   
PPB = Parts per billion

19. Information & Definitions on Determining Exposure cont’d…
Time Weighted Average (TWA)
PELs are based on a time weighted average (TWA) exposure.
A TWA is the average exposure over a specified period of time, usually a nominal eight hours.
This means that, for limited periods, a worker may be exposed to concentrations higher than the PEL, so long as the average concentration over eight hours remains lower.

20. Below are some examples of hazardous substances found at Mangan’s client sites, including their uses and health effects. Know the proper PPE, First Aid, and the site procedure to follow when working near or encountering hazardous chemicals:
BENZENE (C6H6)
A colorless or light yellowish liquid with an aromatic odor. The highest concentrations of about 5% are found at the Reformers.
USES: Found in crude oil and refinery streams, as a component of gasoline and feedstock for the manufacture of plastics, detergents, pesticides, and other chemicals.
HEALTH EFFECTS:
Skin – irritation or dermatitis
Central Nervous System - headache, dizziness, drowsiness, unconsciousness, death
Chronic (long-term) exposure - Cancer causing agent of the blood-forming system with blood changes, leukemia and aplastic anemia

21. HYDROGEN SULFIDE (H2S) AMMONIA (NH3)
A colorless, flammable gas with an odor of rotten eggs – also called sewer or stink gas.
USES: A component in crude oil; an undesirable byproduct whenever sulfur or sulfur compounds are present with organic compounds at high temperatures; present in crude distillation, catalytic cracking and reforming, hydrogenation,
HEALTH EFFECTS:
Exposure to high concentrations can cause respiratory arrest in minutes.
At low levels: headache; dizziness; nausea; eye, throat, skin and respiratory irritation
AMMONIA (NH3)
A colorless gas with a pungent, suffocating odor and is easily liquefied under pressure and stored in tanks.
USES: Neutralizing agent, corrosion control, air pollution control, de-waxing of lubrication oils, manufacture/recovery of cracking catalysts
HEALTH EFFECTS:
Inhalation: Throat and respiratory irritant (cough, chest tightness). Delayed symptoms: shortness of breath, pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs)
Ammonia in Solution: Irritation and burns to the eye (corneal ulcers and opacity)

22. Liquid Nitrogen CIP 100 Refrigerated liquefied gas.
USES: Medical applications, industrial use, food applications.
HEALTH EFFECTS:
Contact with liquid may cause cold burns/frostbite
Asphyxiant in high concentrations
CIP 100
Proprietary blend of Potassium Hydroxide.
USES: Cleaning agent utilized in the biopharmaceutical industry.
HEALTH EFFECTS:
Corrosive to eyes, causes burns. Mists of dilution cause irritation.
May cause severe irritation or burns.
Corrosive to mouth, throat, and stomach.

23. Your Right To Know…
Our clients provide SDSs for the contractors and employees who work on their sites.
It is every employee’s responsibility to know the location of the SDSs for the sites they work at.
Site orientation, the project JSA, and personal SMART cards are tools to help us to remember to remain up to date on the location of this vital information.

24. Resources
Policies are located on the Google Safety Resource Center site.
MSP-209, Hazard Communication
A , H2S
B, Asbestos
C, Benzene
D, Lead