1. Introduction to Computer Graphics
Chun-Yuan Lin
Ch00
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2. In this course Edward Angel,
"Interactive Computer Graphics: A Top-down approach using OpenGL," 
Fifth Edition, Addison Wesley, ISBN10:
Donald Hearn, M. Pauline  Baker, 
"Computer Graphics with OpenGL," 
Third Edition, Prentice Hall, ISBN10:
Alan Watt,
“3D Computer Graphics,”
Third Edition, Addison Wesley, ISBN10:
Ch00
2018/6/9

3. Interactive Computer Graphics: A Top-down approach using OpenGL
2018/6/9

4. This book is an introduction to computer graphics, which an emphasis on applications programming.
Feature-length computer-animated movies have proved to be commercial and artistic successes.
Recent hardware has blurred the distinction between computers and game boxes. Programmable graphics processors provides a level of flexibility in commodity systems that was not available in even the most expensive workstations just a few years ago.
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5. Within the last few years, the cost of a graphics systems that can generate over 100 million three-dimensional polygons per second with lighting and texture mapping has gone from over $100,000 to less than $1000.
The availability of commodity graphics boards for personal computers has been especially significant.
OpenGL remains the standard programmer’s interface both for writing application programs and developing high-level products for multiplatform applications.
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6. Top down approach
Top-down, programming-oriented approach to introductory computer graphics.
Three approaches.
The algorithmic approach
The survey approach
The programming approach.
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7. Programming with OpenGL and C (1)
The greatest impediment to implementing a programming-orient course was the lack of a widely accepted graphics library or application programmer’s interface (API).
OpenGL is supported on all platforms now. (Windows, Apple Macintosh, Linux, …) (Computer Graphics: Principles & Practice in C 2/e, ISBN: )
This book is a textbook on computer graphics; it is not an OpenGL manual. (Another book- OpenGL: A Primer, Third Edition, 2008)
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8. Programming with OpenGL and C (2)
In this book, I use both C and C++, with C as the dominant language. (OpenGL is not object-oriented)
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9. Intended Audience
Prerequisites for the book are good programming skills in C or C++.
Understanding basic data structures (linked list, trees, array) and rudimentary knowledge of linear algebra and trigonometry.
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10. Organization of this book (1)
Chapter 1 provides an overview of the field and introduces image formation by optical devices.
Chapter 2 introduces programming using OpenGL.
Chapter 3, we discuss interactive graphics in a modern client-server setting and develop even-driven graphics programs.
Chapters 4 and 5 concentrate on three-dimensional objects.
Chapter 4 for defining and manipulating three-dimensional objects
Chapter 5 for viewing them.
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11. Organization of this book (2)
Chapter 6 introduces light-material interactions and shading.
About 10 weeks.
Appendix A: Programs for chapter 1~6.
Appendices B and C contain a review of the background mathematics.
Appendix D: a synopsis of the OpenGL functions used in this book.
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12. Support Materials www.cs.unm.edu/~angel or www.aw.com/cssupport
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13. Computer Graphics with OpenGL
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14. Today’s computer graphics research is concerned with improving the effectiveness realism and speed of picture generation.
To produce a realistic veiw of a natural scene, a graphics program must simulate the effects of actual light reflection and refraction from physical objects. (easy or complex)
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15. Features
We separated the discussions of two-dimensional and three- dimensional graphics techniques.
A major features of this book is the integration of three- dimensional and two-dimensional topics.
Many techniques discussed in this book, including parallel implementations for graphics algorithm.
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16. Programming
More than twenty complete C++ programs are provides in this book by using OpenGL packages.
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17. Required Background Computer programming and data structures.
Mathematical methods for computer graphics algorithms.
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18. Course outline
Chapter 1 illustrates the diversity of computer graphics applications by taking a look at the many different kinds of pictures that people have generated with graphics software.
Chapter 2 presents the basic vocabulary of computer graphics and an introduction to the hardware and software components of graphics systems. (details of OpenGL)
Chapter 5 and Appendix A: geometric transformation and mathematics for computer graphics.
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19. 3D Computer Graphics
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20. Graphic Processing Units
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21. The Challenge Render infinitely complex scenes
And extremely high resolution
In 1/60th of one second
Luxo Jr took 2-3 hours per frame to render on a Cray-1 supercomputer
Today we can easily render that in 1/30th of one second
Over 300,000x faster
Still not even close to where we need to be… but look how far we’ve come!
2018/6/9 CG

22. PC/DirectX Shader Model Timeline
DirectX 9.0c
DirectX 5
Multitexturing
T&L TextureStageState
SM 1.x
SM 2.0
SM 3.0
Riva 128
Riva TNT
GeForce 256
GeForce 3 Cg
GeForceFX
GeForce 6
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Half-Life
Quake 3
Giants
Halo
Far Cry
UE3 CG
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23. A quiet revolution and potential build-up
Calculation: 367 GFLOPS vs. 32 GFLOPS
Memory Bandwidth: 86.4 GB/s vs. 8.4 GB/s
Until last year, programmed through graphics API
GPU in every PC and workstation – massive volume and potential impact
GFLOPS
G80 = GeForce 8800 GTX
G71 = GeForce 7900 GTX
G70 = GeForce 7800 GTX
NV40 = GeForce 6800 Ultra
NV35 = GeForce FX 5950 Ultra
NV30 = GeForce FX 5800
© David Kirk/NVIDIA and Wen-mei W. Hwu, 2007
ECE 498AL1, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign CG
2018/6/9
2018/6/9

24. Thread Execution Manager
GeForce 8800
16 highly threaded SM’s, >128 FPU’s, 367 GFLOPS, 768 MB DRAM, GB/S Mem BW, 4GB/S BW to CPU
Load/store
Global Memory
Thread Execution Manager
Input Assembler
Host
Texture
Parallel Data Cache
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25. GPU NVIDIA GPU Computing Architecture
Via a separate HW interface
In laptops, desktops, workstations, servers
8-series GPUs deliver 50 to 200 GFLOPS on compiled parallel C applications
Programmable in C with CUDA tools
Multithreaded SPMD model uses application data parallelism and thread parallelism
Tesla C870
Tesla D870 CG
© David Kirk/NVIDIA and Wen-mei W. Hwu, 2007
ECE 498AL1, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
Tesla S870

26. TESLA S1070 (1) NVIDIA® Tesla™ S1070 運算系統 (雙PCI Express 2.0 連結) 採用全球首
款1 teraflop處理器，是一台具備4 teraflop
浮點運算能力的1U 系統。

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