1. Organic Molecules:
Chemical compounds containing Carbon

2. What are we made of?
Carbon (C) Hydrogen (H) Oxygen (O) Nitrogen (N) Phosphorous (P)

3. Atoms
Molecules
Macromolecules
Food
Metabolism
Cells
Building Blocks

4. Vocabulary Check
Explain the difference between monomers and polymers based on the picture to the right!

5. Organic Molecules Carbohydrates (sugars) Proteins Lipids(fats)
Nucleic Acids (DNA & RNA)

6. Carbohydrates (Sugars)
2:1 ratio between Hydrogen and Oxygen. (CH2O)
Monomer = Monosaccharides
Monosaccharides (simple sugars) C6H12O6 glucose, fructose, and galactose
Disaccharides (double sugars) sucrose and lactose
Polysaccharides (complex sugars) starch, cellulose, and glycogen

7. Carbohydrate Functions
Quick energy foods (1 gram contains 4 calories of energy): glucose, sucrose, and fructose. Central role as energy source.
Storage (starch in plants, glycogen in animals)
Structure (cellulose and chitin)

8. Food Sources for Carbohydrates

9. Protein Monomer = amino acids.
Each amino acid contains an NH2 or amino group and a CO2H or carboxyl group

10. Examples Actin/ Myosin Hemoglobin Antibodies
Enzymes: amylase, protease

11. Protein Functions Energy source (1 gram = 4 cal of energy).
Movement: Makes up muscle tissue (actin and myosin).
Transport: Carries oxygen in organisms (hemoglobin).
Immunity: Helps fight off foreign invaders
(antibodies).
Enzymes: Speed up chemical reactions (amylase and trypsin).

12. Food Sources of Protein

13. Lipids Monomer= Fatty Acid
Examples: Fats, Steroids, Cholesterol, and Wax-allows plants to store water.
They are found surrounding internal organs, in each cell membrane, and clogging arteries and veins.

14. Main Types of Fats Saturated: No double bonds between the carbons
Solid at room temperature
Found mostly in animals.
Unsaturated: Double bonds between some of the carbons
Liquid at room temperature
Found mostly in plants

15. Lipid Functions High Energy food. 1 gram contains 9 cal of energy.
Protects vital organs
Insulates the body
Stores food for later use

16. Food Sources for Fats

17. Energy Review

18. Nucleic Acids
Monomer = nucleotides
Examples are: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (Ribonucleic acid) genetic information storage.

19. Monomers Build Polymers