1. Abnormal Psychology Second Canadian Edition
Gerald C. Davison
John M. Neale
Kirk R. Blankstein
Gordon L. Flett
Prepared by: Traci McFarlane

2. Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders
Chapter 14
Sexual and Gender
Identity Disorders

3. Gender Identity Disorder
Our sense of ourselves as male or female
Characteristics of gender identity disorder (GID)
Transsexualism
Experience great discomfort with gender
Cross-gender behaviours
Controversial diagnosis

4. Gender Identity Disorder
Causes of GID
Nature vs. nurture
Therapies for GID
Body alterations
Sex-reassignment surgery
Alterations of gender identity

5. The Paraphilias Paraphilia Fetishism Transvestic fetishism
Sexual attraction to unusual objects and sexual activities unusual in nature
Lasts for at least 6 months
Causes significant distress or impairment?
Fetishism
Reliance on an inanimate object for sexual arousal
Transvestic fetishism
When a man is sexually aroused by dressing in women’s clothing

6. The Paraphilias Pedophilia Incest
Adults who derive sexual gratification through physical/sexual contact with prepubertal children
Incest
Sexual relations between close relatives for whom marriage is forbidden

7. The Paraphilias

8. The Paraphilias Voyeurism Exhibitionism
Sexual gratification by watching others in a state of undress or having sexual relations
Exhibitionism
Sexual gratification by exposing one’s genitals to an unwilling stranger, sometimes a child
Indecent exposure

9. The Paraphilias Frotteurism Sexual sadism Sexual masochism
Sexually oriented touching of an unsuspecting person
Sexual sadism
Sexual gratification by inflicting pain or psychological suffering on another
Sexual masochism
Sexual gratification through subjecting oneself to pain or humiliation

10. The Paraphilias Etiology of the paraphilias Psychodynamic perspectives
Behavioural and cognitive perspectives
Biological perspectives

11. Therapies for the Paraphilias
Psychoanalytic therapy
Motivational enhancement
Behavioural techniques
Aversion therapy
Satiation
Social skills training
Orgasmic reorientation
Cognitive treatment
Biological treatment

12. Rape Forced rape Statutory rape The crime
Sexual intercourse with an unwilling partner
Statutory rape
Sexual intercourse with a minor
The crime
Sadistic rape
Acquaintance rape (date rape)

13. Rape The victim The attack The aftermath The rapist
PTSD, sexual dysfunction
depression, suicidality
substance abuse
The rapist
Who is the rapist?
Therapy for rapists
Therapy for rape victims

14. Sexual Dysfunctions Sexual dysfunctions and the human response cycle
Appetitive
Excitement
Orgasm
Resolution

15. Descriptions and Etiology of Sexual Dysfunctions
Sexual desire disorders
Hypoactive sexual desire disorder
Deficient or absent sexual fantasies and urges
Sexual aversion disorder
Active avoidance of nearly all genital contact with another

16. Descriptions and Etiology of Sexual Dysfunctions
Sexual arousal disorders
Female sexual arousal disorder
Formerly “frigidity”
Male erectile disorder
Formerly “impotence”

17. Descriptions and Etiology of Sexual Dysfunctions
Orgasmic disorders
Female orgasmic disorder
Absence of orgasm after a period of normal sexual excitement
Male orgasmic disorder
Difficulty in ejaculating
Premature ejaculation
Associated with considerable anxiety

18. Descriptions and Etiology of Sexual Dysfunctions
Sexual pain disorders
Dyspareunia
Persistent or recurrent pain during sexual intercourse
Vaginismus
Involuntary spasms of the outer third of the vagina

19. Theoretical Model of Masters and Johnson
Current causes
Fear of performance
Spectator role
Historical causes
Religious orthodoxy
Psychosexual trauma
Homosexual inclination
Inadequate counseling
Excessive intake of alcohol
Biological causes
Socio-cultural factors

20. Theoretical Model of Masters and Johnson

21. Other Causes of Sexual Dysfunction
Problems with the relationship
Secondary gain
Lack of knowledge or skill
Anxiety
Poor communication

22. Therapies for Sexual Dysfunctions
Sexual value system
Education about spectator role
Sensate focus
Anxiety reduction
Directed masturbation
Procedures to change attitudes and thoughts
Sensory-awareness procedures

23. Therapies for Sexual Dysfunctions
Skills and communication training
Couples therapy
Psychodynamic techniques and perspectives
Medical and physical procedures

24. Copyright
Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted by Access Copyright (The Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency) is unlawful. Requests for further information should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. The purchaser may make back-up copies for his or her own use only and not for distribution or resale. The author and the publisher assume no responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages caused by the use of these programs or from the use of the information contained herein.