1. Disruption to Ecosystems
A2 Geography

2. Energy And Nutrients
These two processes are fundamental to an ecosystem functioning properly

3. Energy Flows
Primary producers at level 1 convert sunlight into energy via photosynthesis.
Energy is lost through each respiration at each stage
The amount of biomass at each level also decreases.
Any change to this cycle can put the ecosystem under threat.

4. Nutrient Flows
The circulation of chemical elements from the environment to organism and back to the environment again.
Nutrients are stored as either soil, litter or Biomass
This is easily affected as it is an OPEN SYSTEM and nutrients can be added physical or by human elements.

5. Precipitation Runoff Decay Pathway Fallout Pathway Weathering
Litter
Biomass
Soil
Precipitation
Runoff
Decay Pathway
Fallout Pathway
Weathering
Uptake Pathway
Leaching

6. Activity
Draw a nutrient flow diagram like you have seen but this time give examples of each stage and explain how it works.

7. Movement of Species
As we have traversed the world species have been moved both knowingly and unknowingly
They can pose a threat to the native ecosystem
Along with that many species become invasive along with other problems

8. Activity
Think of 3 different animal or plant species within the UK that are alien species?
Grey Squirrel
Sycamore
Japanese Knotweed

9. Alien Species share several features
Enhanced Survival rates
Lack native predator
Not as susceptible to disease
This means that they are often very difficult to control

10. VIDEO: Cane Toads: An Unnatural History
Why Is This Important?
The reason behind the introduction of cane toads to Australia was well intended but the results were unimagined. This is a good example of the fallibility of scientists and what can happen when an exotic species invades an ecosystem. Also, this is one of the most hilarious “educational videos” ever produced. Enjoy!
Remember!

11. Answer the questions provided!