1. Advances in Imaging Instrumentation for Nuclear Cardiology
Journal of Nuclear Cardiology | Official Journal of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology
Advances in Imaging Instrumentation for Nuclear Cardiology
Jae Sung Lee1, Gil Kovalski2, Tali Sharir3, Dong Soo Lee1
1Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
2General Electric Healthcare, Haifa, Israel
3Assuta Medical Centers, Tel Aviv, Israel
Copyright American Society of Nuclear Cardiology

2. Dedicated Cardiac CZT SPECT
Journal of Nuclear Cardiology | Official Journal of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology
Dedicated Cardiac CZT SPECT
Advantages of CZT detectors
Direct convertor of gamma-ray to electrical signal
Pixelated nature improving the intrinsic spatial resolution
Compact physical size, leading to efficient system designs
Improved performance in the rejection of scatter and crosstalk
Efficacy of cardiac CZT scanners
Reduced acquisition time
Reduced radiation dose
Stationary dynamic SPECT scan
Copyright American Society of Nuclear Cardiology

3. SPECT/CT CT-based attenuation correction
Journal of Nuclear Cardiology | Official Journal of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology
SPECT/CT
CT-based attenuation correction
More accurate reconstruction of SPECT data with reliable attenuation maps with high counting statistics
Absolute quantification of myocardial blood flow (MBF) and myocardial flow reserve (MFR)
Additional anatomical information
Coronary artery calcium (CAC) deposit assessment
CT coronary angiography
Copyright American Society of Nuclear Cardiology

4. 29%
17% A B
LAD
LCX
RCA
stress
rest
difference SA
VLA
HLA
Figure 4. SPECT-MPI and CT-CAC of a 72 year old male obtained via a SPECT/CT camera. (A) MPI showing only mild ischemia, and (B) CT demonstrating extensive coronary artery calcification.

5. PET/CT and PET/MRI PET detector components Semiconductor photosensors
Journal of Nuclear Cardiology | Official Journal of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology
PET/CT and PET/MRI
PET detector components
Cerium-doped lutetium silicate scintillators (e.g., LSO, LYSO, and LGSO)
Fast PMTs and semiconductor photosensors
Precise electronics for timing measurement
Semiconductor photosensors
Avalanche photodiode (APD) and silicon photomultiplier (SiPM)
Relatively compact and impervious to magnetic fields
Increased use in PET/MRI and PET/CT scanners
Copyright American Society of Nuclear Cardiology

6. PET/CT and PET/MRI (Cont’)
Journal of Nuclear Cardiology | Official Journal of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology
PET/CT and PET/MRI (Cont’)
Time-of-flight (TOF) PET
Enhanced image quality
Less sensitive to inconsistent correction data
Better performance in the joint estimation of activity and attenuation employing only emission data
Motion-corrected cardiac PET
Dual motion (cardiac and respiratory) corrected cardiac images
Coronary PET motion correction guided by CT angiography
Cardiac PET motion correction using tagged MRI
Copyright American Society of Nuclear Cardiology