1. Language and Literacy

2. Create 1
Write 2
Present 3
Project

3. What is Language

4. Language is…
a set of symbols that are combined to using a set of rules
English Language
26 symbols (letters)
20 vowel sounds
24 consonant sounds (phonemes)
>300 ways of combining symbols in sequence to make distinct sounds
>1000 rules of syntax
Average adult has >50,000 words

6. Language is…
The ability to understand, organise and use words to communicate.
‘…the primary tool for the development of thinking and reasoning…’ Vygosty (1978)
Communication and transmitting of cultural values, beliefs and practices.
Used for developing relationships
Used to convey meaning
Share and exchange ideas and thoughts, emotions and information

7. Theories of Language Development
Nativist - Chomsky (1976) 01
Behaviourist – Skinner (1957) 02
Cognitivist – Piaget (19520 03
Interactionist (Brunner 1974/ Vygotsky (1978) 04
P189

8. Language is more than just Speech
Articulation – the ability to create speech
Quality of voice – how the speech sounds
Language
Receptive language – the ability to understand what is being said
Expressive language – the ability to communicate thoughts and needs that can be understood
Q4 P188/194

9. Progression of Language Development
Pragmatics – understanding how to use language in a social and cultural situation.
Semantics – the ability to understand the meaning of words
Morphemes – smallest meaningful units in language
Syntax – system of rules that govern how words can be meaningfully arranged
Lexicons – vocabulary of a language
Phoneme - sets of sounds, smallest distinguishable units
Q4 P188/194

10. Some Language Difficulties
Physiological impairment
Neurological impairment
extreme difficulties with social interactions
Language processing disorders
Congenital disorders
Sensory deficits
Learning difficulties
Expressive difficulties
APD
Autism, Cerebral Palsy
Serious/chronic illness
Speech delay
Social disadvantage, poverty

11. Links Between Language and Literacy
Is the foundation of literacy
Underpins literacy development
Conveys thoughts and ideas
Models reading patterns
Models writing structure
Q 1 Page 382

12. The Big 6 Oral Language Phonological Awareness Fluency Vocabulary
Letter/sound knowledge
Comprehension

13. Strategies for Assisting Language Development

14. Good Oral Language Behaviours by TAs
Demonstrate effective speaking and listening skills
Communicate to each student in an appropriate manner
Demonstrate GENUINE interest in what the student is communicating
Give timely and positive feedback
Develop respect and trusting relationships
Provide a wide range of opportunities for students to engage in conversations
Interact with students in a manner that promotes self esteem
Ask and respond to questions honestly
Encourage students to expand on their ideas and thoughts
Repeat of restate students words and ideas.

15. Inclusive Language Can be used to challenge stereotypes
Can be used to include all cultures
Non verbal communication can used to convey attitude
Rules vary across cultures
Be aware of any specific taboos

16. Listening Skills 3 levels of listening Guideline are required Internal
Focussed
Global
Guideline are required
1-1 or small groups
Don’t talk when listening
Keep your eyes on the speaker
Wait until the previous speaker has finished
Try to be still when listening
Focus on what is being said

17. Questioning Techniques
Responding to questions provides valuable oral language and thinking skills
Should be framed so children can understand
Avoid multiple part questions
Use authentic questions (questions that require students to think)
Relevant questions
Move beyond the simple
examples pages

18. Building Vocabulary No knowledge of the word
General awareness of the word but doesn’t know the meaning
Has a general sense of the meaning of the word
Can use the word on a narrow context
Can use the word in a boarder context and understands how the word relates to other words

19. Practical Oral Language Activities

20. Activities Working in pairs Small group discussions Oral presentations
Discussion stories
Role play
Oral Triggers
Picture Chats
Feely bags
Picture puzzles
Listening and memory games
Graphic organisers
Make a sentence

21. Speech, Language &Communication Needs (SLCN)

22. Augmented and Alternative Communication Strategies
Q.4 Pg 391

23. Links to Assessments
1. Explain in your own words the links between oral language, reading and writing.
LANGUAGE
2. Provide four examples of language skills and why are they important for students/ people.
3. Explain what type of text should be used in the following circumstances.
4. Provide a definition for expressive language, and social/ pragmatic language. How can they be used with students and teachers?
5. List three strategies an Education Support worker might use to help prompt, support and encourage oral language skills.
Purpose
Text Type
Writing down facts on a topic
When writing about what they did on the weekend
When putting in writing information on where someone needs to go to get to the closest supermarket
When explaining to a friend that they should not take up smoking
When telling an interesting story