1. Ch. 1-2 Turning Point: The Neolithic Revolution
Ancient Civ.
Ch. 1-2
Turning Point: The Neolithic Revolution

2. Turning Point: The Neolithic Revolution
Scholars divide prehistory into different eras.
Old Stone Age or Paleolithic Age
2 million B.C. to 10,000 B.C.
New Stone Age or Neolithic Age
10,000 B.C. to end of prehistory.
Both created and used stone tools.

3. Skills and Beliefs of the Old Stone Age
Early modern humans lived toward the end of the Old Stone Age.
Nomads- move place to place to find food.
20 to 30 people together
Men hunt and fish
Women and children gather berries, fruits, and nuts

4. Humans Develop Strategies for Survival
Relied on the environment for food and shelter.
Made tools and weapons from stone, bone, and wood.
Created a spoken language.
40,000 years ago, moved from Southeast Asia to Australia.

5. Clues About Early Religious Beliefs
May have believed in life after death.
Buried with tools, weapons, and food.
May have beliefs that spirits and forces lived in animals, objects, or dreams. This belief is known as animism.

6. The New Stone Age Begins with Farming
The New Stone Age began about 12,000 years ago, nomadic people began to farm.

7. The Neolithic Age No longer had to roam for food. Stayed in one place.
Started permanent villages.
Neolithic Revolution - dramatic changes in the way of life, from nomadic to farming.

8. People Domesticate Plants and Animals
Domesticated animals - raised them in a controlled way.
Dogs were probably first
Goats, sheep, pigs, cattle, llamas, and alpacas.
Found that seeds could be spread on the ground.
Yams, squash, and rice.

9. The Neolithic Revolution Brings Dramatic Changes
No greater change will take place until the industrial revolution in the late 1700s.

10. Earliest Villages Established
2 Neolithic Villages have been found
Catalhuyuk (Turkey)
10,000 and 9,000 B.C.
Around 6500 people
Mud-brick homes
Jericho (Israeli-controlled)
7,000 B.C.
Tiny
A few thousand people

11. Settled People Change Their Way of Life
Probably divided work by gender just like the Paleolithic ancestors.
Men came to dominate the family, economic, and political life.
More possessions

12. Villagers Invent New Technologies
Calendars
To know when to plant
Oxen or Water Buffalos
To plow fields
Workshops
To make tools and weapons
Clay
For pottery