1. Ch. 22 – Conjunction and Preposition
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Opening Activity
For each sentence below, choose the best coordinating conjunction in parentheses.
Gino asked Lori to join him by the fireplace, (but, or) Lori kept her distance by sitting on the couch.
Lori was cold, (or, so) she placed a blanket over her legs.
Gino threw another log on the fire, (or, and) the flames leapt up wildly.
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Answers
Gino asked Lori to join him by the fireplace, but Lori kept her distance by sitting on the couch.
Lori was cold, so she placed a soft blanket over her legs.
Gino threw another log on the fire, and the flames leapt up wildly.
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Learning Outcomes
By the time you finish reading and studying this chapter, you should be able to:
Recognize and use
LO1 Coordinating and Correlative Conjunctions
LO2 Subordinating Conjunctions
LO3 Common Prepositions
L04 By, At, On, and In
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5. Coordinating and Correlative Conjunctions
Conjunction - a word or word group that joins parts of a sentence—words, phrases, or clauses.
Coordinating Conjunction - joins grammatically equal parts—a word to a word, a phrase to a phrase, or a clause to a clause. (A clause is basically a sentence.)
Coordinating Conjunctions:
and but or nor for so yet
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6. Coordinating and Correlative Conjunctions
Correlative Conjunctions - consist of a coordinating conjunction paired with another word.
They also join equal grammatical parts: word to word, phrase to phrase, or clause to clause.
Correlative Conjunctions:
either/or neither/nor whether/or
both/and not only/but also
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7. Subordinating Conjunctions
Subordinating Conjunction - a word or word group that connects two clauses of different importance. (A clause is basically a sentence.)
Subordinating Conjunctions: (brief list)
after though if so that
although because until than
Whenever Trey’s night shift ends, he heads home to unwind and sleep.
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Common Prepositions
Preposition - a word or word group that shows a relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word.
Prepositions: (brief list)
by at about above since
amid near on within before
Prepositional phrase - starts with a preposition and includes an object of the preposition (a noun or pronoun) and any modifiers.
Ben would leave class early in spite of missing a quiz.
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By, At, On, and In
Four specific prepositions show position but also get a lot of other use in English.
By means “beside” or “up to a certain place or time.”
At refers to a specific place or time.
On refers to a surface, a day or date, or an electronic medium.
In refers to an enclosed space; a geographical location; an hour, a month, or a year; or a print medium.
On Tuesday, Barney sat at the bench by the stadium in his workout gear.
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Closing Activity
For each sentence, fill in the blanks with prepositional phrases. Be creative!
As I was leaving the grocery store, I noticed a wallet ____________________________.
The wallet was constructed from brown leather and ____________________________.
I turned the wallet into the grocery store manager and walked away feeling good ______________________.
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11. © 2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Answers
Answers Will Vary
As I was leaving the grocery store, I noticed a wallet on the concrete next to the grocery carts.
The wallet was constructed from brown leather and between the folds were several twenty dollar bills.
I turned the wallet into the grocery store manager and walked away feeling good in spite of not keeping the money.
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© Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.