1. The Science of Extracts
Tom Shipley
Sunday May 29th, 2016

2. What is Cannabis Oil? Oil based solvent
Canola oil, Coconut oil, Glycerol
Not to be confused with a tincture
Ethanol based solvent
Infused with a single or many cannabinoids
THC, CBD, CBC, CBG, CBN, THCV
Current regulations limit THC content to 30mg/ml
Owen smiths case lead to Section 56 exemption for LP’s. Tweed has an equilvancy ratio of 10:1 ; 10ml =1g

3. What is Cannabis Resin? Extract from marijuana
Flower, leaf or stem starting material
Can be produced by physical means
Hash screens
Bubble bags
Labor, ice, small batch, or low recovery
Can be produced by solvent extraction
Butane (heating fuel, refrigerant, sulphides)
Hexane or Heptane (petroleum byproduct - rubber cement, gasoline, textile manufacturing)
Carbon dioxide
Can be crude extract or refined
Hexane and heptane have been implicated for neurotoxicity and possible effects on the liver

4. What is a supercritical fluid?
The often overlooked 4th state of matter
Gas, fluid, solid, supercritical fluid
Acts as both a liquid and a gas
Reaching supercritical pressure and temperature changes the physical and chemical properties

5. What is Decarboxylation
Conversion of THCA to THC
THCA is non-psychoactive
Light, heat, acids, oxygen
Want full decarboxylation

6. How it’s made!
Buds - > Milled - > Decarboxylation Oven - > Supercritical extractor - > Crude Resin -> Dissolve in Ethanol - > precipitate waxes -> Filter out waxes Volitility of terpenes can be played as an advantage.

7. How its made!
-> Cannabinoids in ethanol - > Removal of ethanol - > Pure cannabinoids -> Mixing with sunflower oil - > Packaging or encapsulator

8. How its made!

9. How its made!
-> Cannabinoids in ethanol - > Removal of ethanol - > Pure cannabinoids -> Mixing with sunflower oil - > Packaging or encapsulator

10. Why Supercritical CO2? Safe Low production cost Clean extraction
Used for decaffeination of coffee and tea
No environmental laws or disposal fees
Low occupational health and safety risk (non flammable)
Low production cost
Clean extraction
Low chlorophyll, low wax content
No residues of sulfur, gasoline, refrigerant

11. Why decarboxylation? Consistency in psychoactive effects
Full decarboxylation will ensures the same effect each time
Capture terpenes during decarboxylation
Purified terpenes for consistency of terpene profile batch-to-batch
Use in other applications (air fresheners, cologne)
No oxygen environment with vacuum to reduce heat required.

12. Why Sunflower Oil? Allergies not common Good shelf life (antioxidants)
Great for cooking recipes
Organic, non-GMO
Tastes great

13. The Future of Oils
Cannabinoid formulations need to be paired with delivery method

14. Questions?