1. Exercise and the Energy Systems
Health
Davidson Fine Arts Magnet School

2. There are three main energy systems that occur in the human body in order for muscle cells to regenerate ATP during physical activity
Anaerobic is one of them, and includes the lactic acid cycle.
During this cycle glucose is broken down into pyruvate. The goal of this system is to produce ATP at a fast rate for high-intensity exercises; these exercises last anywhere from five seconds to two minutes
Energy Systems

3. Anaerobic This fast power in muscles comes from muscle glycogen.
During extreme activity intensity, the fuel source is ATP and creatine phosphate (CP); creatine phosphate becomes readily available through the phosphagen system
Very high activity on the other hand, requires ATP from carbohydrates, and not creatine phosphate.
Anaerobic

4. During an average day of work done by the body, the majority of force in the muscles is supplied through the Aerobic system, especially through the Krebs Cycle.
This can be broken down into two sub groups, ATP production through Phosphocreatine (PC) breakdown and formation of ATP via Glycolysis.
CP-ATP

5. The simplest and fastest way of producing ATP in the body is through the PC system, which forms ATP through the addition of PC to ADP to produce ATP and creatine by the enzyme creatine kinase.
During the onset of exercise, on any intensity, ATP is used to create the energy for these force production of the muscles. The muscles then immediately begin the creation of more ATP, starting with the PC system, which is the quickest to respond to the loss and use of ATP by the muscles.
CP-ATP

6. The way in which lactic acid is broken down into energy helps to fuel our bodies to preform the necessary actions in our everyday lives. When we digest glucose, it is digested in our bodies through a process called glycolysis.
Glycolysis is the basic metabolic breakdown of glucose to ATP, which provides our muscles energy.
When this process is performed in an environment without oxygen, it produces lactate.
Lactate

7. During intense, prolonged exercise, the muscles in our bodies need lots of energy. However, they become deprived of oxygen and build up with lactate as a result.
This lactate cannot be broken down as quickly as it is being produced in our bodies. The small amount of ATP produced during this glycolysis temporarily provides the muscles with enough energy to continue their function until the oxygen levels return to normal.
Lactate

8. The aerobic energy system consists of aerobic glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and the TCA cycle.
When we consume carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, they are continuously oxidized through glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and TCA in order to provide ATP to the body
Aeorobic

9. Unlike anaerobic exercises, ATP is not immediately available, and there is no creatine phosphate involved.
ATP is received from carbohydrates or fats.
Aeorobic