1. Types of Evidence Notes

2. Empirical Evidence Anecdotal Evidence Largely unscientific.
Evidence relating to or based on experience, observation, or experimentation.
Evidence you have seen or read for yourself.
Anecdotal Evidence
Largely unscientific.
Derived from anecdotes (stories, usually personal).

3. Logical Evidence Counterargument
Relies on logic and facts, appealing to an audience’s sense of reason.
Evidence deduced from logical reasoning.
Counterargument
An argument made to oppose another argument.

4. RHETORICAL DEVICES Allusion Repetition
An indirect reference to a famous person, place, event, or literary work.
Repetition
A technique in which a sound, word, phrase, or line is repeated for emphasis or unity

5. Rhetorical Questions Analogy
Questions asked by a speaker without the expectation of an answer. Generally, the speaker already knows how you would answer the question.
Analogy
A point-by-point comparison between two things that are alike in some respect.

6. Claim (thesis) Reason/grounds (topic sentence) Evidence/backing
I should be allowed to work a part-time job on weekends
Reason/grounds
(topic sentence)
Expenses connected with school and activities exceed what I can earn by doing chores.
Evidence/backing
Field trips, uniforms, and transportation cost about $150 a month. I earn about $80 a month now.
Counterargument
I know you think my schoolwork will suffer, but I’ve always done my homework, and I want to stay on the honor roll.