1. Anatomy and Physiology

2. Epithelial cells
Cells that make up a sheet that line body surfaces and cavities
3 types of cells
Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar

3. Squamous cells Cells are flattened laterally
Cells resemble a tiled floor from a surface view.
Nuclei bulge slightly and are flattened
Thin and permeable
Usually found in areas of rapid diffusion
Ex kidneys and lungs

4. Cuboidal cells Tall as they are wide Spherical nuclei
Important cell type for secreting and absorption.
Forms the walls of the smallest ducts of glands and of many kidney tubules.

5. Columnar Cells Tall closely packed cells Elongated cells
Nuclei are elongated as well
Important in absorption and secretion
In digestive tract they have microvilli which help with absorption

6. Simple vs Stratified epithelium
Simple epithelium
This is a single layer of epithelial cells of a specific type
Stratified epithelium
Multiple layers of either the same or multiple cell types

7. Stratified squamous epithelium
Outermost (Apical) layers are squamous and sometime keratinized
Innermost (Basal) layers are often cuboidal or columnar
Found in areas that experience friction often
Example: epidermis
Non keratinized type lines your mouth and esophagus

8. Melanoma Cancer or melanocytes Rare ~1% of skin cancers
Low chance of cure once developed
Often begins with moles
Early detection is key to survival
ABCD rule
Asymmetry
Border irregularity
Color (Several colors)
Diameter (greater than 6 mm)
Elevation

9. Hair loss Alopecia Androgenic Alopecia Alopecia totalis
Scientific name
Androgenic Alopecia
Hair loss due to the hair follicles susceptibility to androgenic miniaturization.
“Male pattern baldness”
Actually affects 70% of men and 40% of women
Alopecia totalis
Loss of all head hair