1. Bellringer: March 10, 2016 Heat transfers from _____ to _____.
_____ is the transfer of heat that occurs when two objects of different temperatures touch.
Convection is the transfer of heat within fluids or air by the movement of _____ currents within a fluid or gas.

2. Bellringer: March 11, 2016 Heat transfer stops when _____.
The movement of heat from one substance to another is called ____ ___.
______ is the way heat moves through empty space.

3. Unit 6: Energy Conservation And Transfer
Objective: Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and energy.
6.P.3

4. Upon completion of this unit, students will be able to:
Illustrate the transfer of heat energy from warmer objects to cooler ones using examples of conduction, radiation, and convection and the effects that may result.
Explain the suitability of materials for use in technological design based on a response to heat (to include conduction, expansion, and contraction) and electrical energy (conductors and insulators).

5. Forms of Energy
Thermal energy: when a warmer object is in contact with a cooler one
Mechanical energy: when two objects push or pull on each other over a distance
Electrical energy: when an electrical source such as a battery or generator is connected in a complete circuit to an electrical device
Electromagnetic waves: form of energy that includes radio waves, microwaves, X-rays and gamma rays, as well as visible light. (waves which can travel through the vacuum of outer space)

6. Difference between Heat and Temperature
Heat- is the total energy of the atoms/ molecules within a substance.
Heat energy is related to a substance’s mass.
Measured in Joules (Unit of energy)
Measured by Calorimeter
Temperature: is a measure of the hotness or coldness of a substance or
Measured in Kelvin, Celsius, or Fahrenheit.
Measured by a thermometer

7. Heat and Temperature Looking at the following images:
-Where does the energy flow from?
-Which “image” sees a temperature rise?

8. Look at the picture of the kettle and the fire. Think about:
one of the sparks from the fire and
the kettle full of boiling water.
Q. Which has the highest temperature – spark/kettle of water?
Q. Which has the most heat energy – spark/kettle of water? Or

9. How does thermal energy transfer? Or
Heat transfers from hot to cold.
Heat can transfer three ways:
1) Conduction
2) Convection
3) Radiation

10. Conduction
Conduction: transfer of heat between substances that are in direct contact with each other.
Conduction occurs when a substance is heated, particles will gain more energy, and vibrate more. These molecules then bump into nearby particles and transfer some of their energy to them. This then continues and passes the energy from the hot end down to the colder end of the substance.
The better the conductor, the more rapidly heat will be transferred. Metal is a good conduction of heat.  Or
Thermal Energy

11. Convection
Convection occurs when warmer areas of a liquid or gas rise to cooler areas in the liquid or gas. Cooler liquid or gas then takes the place of the warmer areas which have risen higher. This results in a continuous circulation pattern.
Water boiling in a pan is a good
example of these convection
currents.
Another good example of convection is in the atmosphere. The earth's surface is warmed by the sun, the warm air rises and cool air moves in. OR

12. How is convection helping here?

13. How does the sun’s heat energy reach us?

14. Radiation
Radiation is a method of heat transfer that does not rely upon any contact between the heat source and the heated object. No mass is exchanged and no medium is required in the process of radiation.
Heat can be transmitted through empty space by thermal radiation often called infrared radiation. This is a type electromagnetic radiation.
Examples of radiation is the heat from the sun, or heat released from the filament of a light bulb.
Everything gives off heat radiation.
The hotter the object, the greater the energy of the radiation. OR

15. When does heat transfer end?
Heat flows through materials or across space from warm objects to cooler objects until both objects are at equilibrium.

16. Video: Heat Transfer OR

17. Teach it to a friend!!
Take 2 minutes and share with your neighbor what the 3 methods of heat transfer are. (Convection, Conduction, and Radiation)

18. Heat Transfer Foldable

26. What is ENERGY?
Energy is the ability to do work.
Everything that happens in the world uses energy!
Most of the time we cannot see energy, but it is everywhere around us!
Is NEVER created or destroyed!
Can only be stored or transferred.

27. Batteries store energy!
This car uses a lot of energy!
We get our energy from FOOD!
Even this sleeping puppy is using stored energy!

28. Two Types of Energy
Potential Energy: Stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object.
Kinetic Energy: Energy that an object has due to its motion.

29. Potential and Kinetic Energy?

30. What are Conductors and Insulators?
Have you ever stepped from a rug to a tile floor on a cold morning?
The tile floor feels colder than the rug.
Why?
The difference between the
rug and the floor is how well
a material conducts heat.

31. Conductors A conductor transfers thermal energy well.
Includes materials that carry electricity.
Metals, such as silver and stainless steel, are good conductors.
A metal spoon conducts heat better than a wooden spoon.

32. Conductors
Some materials are good conductors because of the particles they contain and how those particles are arranged.

33. Insulators An insulator does not transfer thermal energy well.
Insulation prevents heat from entering a building in hot weather and from escaping in cold weather.
Wood, wool, straw, and paper are good insulators.
Gases in the air also act as insulators.

34. Insulators

35. Bill Nye the Science Guy: HEAT
Video:

36. Bellringer: March 15, 2016
A(n) __________ transfers thermal energy well.
__________ energy is energy that an object has due to its motion, while __________ energy is stored energy.
A(n) __________ does not transfer thermal energy well..

37. Thermal Contraction
As the average energy (temperature) of particles decrease, the space between the particles decreases.
Matter in the solid, liquid, and gas phase CONTRACTS!

38. Thermal Expansion
As the average energy (temperature) of particles increase, the space between the particles increases.
Matter in the solid, liquid, and gas phase EXPANDS!

39. Steel Bridges
Expansion joint strips in bridges allow for the bridge to expand in hot weather and not break.
These same joint strips allow for the bridge to contract in cold weather and not break.

40. Teach it to a Friend!!
Take 2 minutes and teach your neighbor the difference between conductors and insulators.

41. Video: Conductors and Insulators

42. Classwork

43. Good resource
Writing prompts

44. Uses of Heat Read pg. 633 aloud.
The transformation of thermal energy to mechanical energy requires a device called a heat engine.
This is generated from the use of combustion.
Combustion chemical energy that is stored in fuel is burned. (Coal and Gasoline)

45. Uses of Heat Read pg. 634 aloud.
Engines that burn fuel outside the engine in a boiler are called external combustion engines.
Example is a steam engine.
Coal or oil heats water in a boiler and the steam produced provides energy.

46. External Combustion Engine

47. Uses of Heat
Engines that burn fuel in cylinders inside the engines are called internal combustion engines.
Diesel and Gasoline engines are examples.
Spark ignites the fuel which causes explosion to provide the energy.

48. Internal Combustion Engines

49. Teach it to a Friend!!
Take a few minutes to teach your neighbor what the two main types of heat engines are. Describe characteristics of each.

50. Uses of Heat Read pg. 636-637 aloud.
A refrigerator is a device that transfers thermal energy from inside the refrigerator to the room outside.
Air conditioners work the same way as refrigerators, however it absorbs heat from the air inside a room/car and transfers it to outdoors.

51. Refrigerator Cycle

52. Video Clip
Steam Engine Clip Internal Combustion Clip

53. Classwork Answer Question 1 (A-C) on page 637 in textbook.
PLEASE WRITE THE QUESTION! 

54. Classwork (slide 9)

55. Convection Demonstration