1. Portal hypertension

2. The Portal Venous System

3. Definition and Comparison Between Portal and Systemic Venous Systems

4. Spleen The Portal Venous System The System Venous System
1- It is formed of Portal Vein
and Its Tributaries
1- It is formed of I.V.C
and Its Tributaries
Gall Bladder
2- Drains The Blood of G.I.T
2- Drains Other Body Sites
Liver
3- Empties in The Liver
3- Empties in The Heart
Liver
Stomach
4- Has 2 sets of Capillaries
4- Has One set of Capillaries
Portal
Vein
Spleen
5- The Drained Blood is Loaded with
Digested Material
5- Loaded with Waste Products
Duodenum
Pancreas
6- Developed from Vitelline Veins
Pancreas
6- From Cardinal Veins
7- Usually Has No Valve System
7- Usually Has Valve System
Small Intestine

5. Portal Vein

6. Formation of Portal Vein

7. Formation of Portal Vein
A- Union of:
1- The Superior Mesenteric Vein
and
2- The Splenic Vein
B- Behind The Neck of Pancreas
C- In Front of Inferior Vena Cava
D- At The Level of Lower Border of
1st Lumbar Vertebra

8. Course and Termination of Portal Vein

9. Porta Hepatis Cystic Vein Drains into The Right Branch of Portal Vein
Ligamentum Teres of
The Liver
Portal Vein
Ligamentum Venosum of
The Liver
Right Branch of
Portal vein
Left Branch of
Portal vein

10. Tributaries of Portal Vein

11. 2- Superior Mesenteric Vein
5- Para-umbilical Vein
3- Left Gastric Vein
1- Splenic Vein
6- Cystic Vein
4- Right Gastric Vein
2- Superior Mesenteric Vein

12. Porto-Systemic Anastomosis

13. a- Para-umbilical Vein and b- Ant. Abdominal Wall Veins
3- At The Umbilicus
between
a- Para-umbilical Vein
and
b- Ant. Abdominal Wall Veins
1- At Lower End of Esophagus
between
a- Esophageal Tributaries of Lt. G. V.
and
b- Esophageal Tributaries of Azygos
4- Inside The Liver
between
a- Tributaries of Portal Vein
and
b- Tributaries of Hepatic Veins
5- At Bare Area of The Liver
between
a- Twigs of Portal Vein
and
b- Phrenic Veins on Under-surface
of Diaphragm
6- Retro-peritonial
between
a- Veins of The Gut (Colonic Veins).
and
b- Veins of Posterior Abdominal Wall
(Lumbar Veins)
2- At Lower End of Anal Canal
between
a- Superior Rectal Vein
and
b- Middle and Inferior Rectal.

14. Complications of Opening of Porto-Systemic Anastomoses

15. Esophageal Varices

16. Endoscopy of Esophageal Varices Endoscopy of Normal Esophagus

17. Hemorrhoids (Piles)

19. Hepatomegaly and Splenomegaly

22. Hugely Enlarged Spleen Lower Edge of The Spleen

23. Ascitis

25. Caput Medusae