1. Properties
of Water
Academic Science

2. What is the formula for water?
What are some properties that make water unique?

3. Simply Science: Water's Physical Properties. United Learning. 1998
Simply Science: Water's Physical Properties. United Learning unitedstreaming. 2 March 2006 <

5. What is WATER?
Only substance that naturally occurs on Earth in all 3 states
-Solid- Ice
-Liquid- Water
-Gas- Steam or Vapor
1 Oxygen and 2 Hydrogen atoms
Partial Polar COVALENT bond

6. H H O
Water is
POLAR!
Photo courtesy of:

7. Why does water form droplets?
Photo courtesy of:

8. What does it look like just before the water spills off the penny?
Use the medicine dropper to put as many drops of water as you can on the surface of your penny.
How many drops fit?
What does it look like just before the water spills off the penny?
Why can the penny hold so many drops of water?

9. Surface Tension HYDROGEN bonds attract water molecules to each other
They “stick” together
This causes them to pile up on each other
Photo courtesy of:

10. Photo courtesy of: http://www.shorstmeyer.com/wxfaqs/float/watermolec.html

11. Begin scouring the USGS website so you can learn more about water

12. What is surface tension?
What is at least 1 way you can see that water has a strong surface tension?

13. Capillary Action Dip the paper towel into the beaker of water.
What happens to the water and the towel?
Look at the graduated cylinder.
What do you notice about the level of water next to the glass vs. the level of the water in the middle?
Explain why.

14. Capillary Action Water molecules “stick” together.
So…water molecules will “stick” together and can “climb” or travel through different substances.

15. Put the ice in the beaker of water. What happens to the ice?
Density
Put the ice in the beaker of water. What happens to the ice?
Why?
Observe the pot of boiling water? What is in the “smoke”? Why does it rise?

16. Solid Water... Less dense than liquid Molecules expand when freezing
**Only in water!
Photo courtesy of:

17. Liquid Water... Most dense form Molecules are close together but move
**Only in water!
Photo courtesy of:

18. Gaseous Water... Least dense Random movement Spread far apart
Photo courtesy of:

19. Density Water is unique:
Usually…
Solid: particles are close together
Liquid: particles are near each other
Gas: particles are very spread apart
Water is unique:
Solid water is LESS dense than liquid water!!!
The density of water is greatest at 4oC
Density decreases as water gets colder!!!

20. Solubility
Ability of a substance to dissolve in a liquid
Water is polar
It can hold molecules in solution
Water is the UNIVERSAL SOLVENT
Solubility can sometimes be changed based on temperature

21. Continue with the web activity so you can review more about water

22. Specific Heat
Specific heat- amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1oC
Water can store an enormous amount of energy
Water has a very high specific heat
It must absorb much energy to increase in temp
It must lose much energy to decrease in temp

23. Specific Heat
Why is the temperature of water often different from the temperature of nearby land?

24. * Using prior knowledge, describe what is happening in the
What I Think Happened!
* Using prior knowledge, describe
what is happening in the
demonstration.
Be as specific as possible.

25. Video courtesy of: Our Wondrous Oceans: Planet Water. United Learning
Video courtesy of: Our Wondrous Oceans: Planet Water. United Learning unitedstreaming. 2 March 2006 <

26. On the back of your packet…
Hydrologic Cycle
Water:
occupies over 70% of Earth
is a vital, nonrenewable resource
moves from place to
place in a large, complex
system called the Hydrologic Cycle
70% of freshwater is locked
in the Antarctic Ice Cap;
Water has a very long residence time in ice caps
On the back of your packet…
Make a pie graph of the Earth’s water.
Where is all the water?

27. Water:
Juvenile water is water that is new to the hydrologic cycle; introduced by volcanic eruption
Magma contains a great deal of water vapor

28. Water: Distribution of freshwater on Earth is very uneven
The global water budget shows how much water is put into and taken out of the water cycle
Input and output should be equal

29. Condensation
Precipitation
Runoff
Transpiration
Infiltration
Evaporation

30. Evaporation * Rising water vapor from the ocean contains no salt
* Influenced by increase in water temperature
* Influenced by moisture in the atmosphere

31. Runoff
* Remaining water that flows along the Earth’s surface and drains into lakes and rivers or other depressions

32. Precipitation * Droplets driven through the atmosphere by wind
* Gather into clouds
* Fall from the sky as precipitation
* About 75% of water falls back into the ocean

33. Condensation * Water vapor begins to cool
in the air and changes back to
a liquid
* Condenses into tiny droplets

34. Transpiration * Plants absorb about 6% of the
groundwater and then release it
through the surface of their leaves

35. Infiltration * Groundwater that seeps into the Earth
* Eventually flows into creeks and streams
that flow into larger bodies of water

36. Conclusion (What Really Happened?)
* Based on the newly acquired information, rephrase your original explanation concerning what happened in the class demonstration. Describe how the class demonstration relates to the salinity lab. How is this process relevant to daily life?