1. Political Systems
The purpose of government is to provide organization and security.
People give up some of their right to be free and the government balances equality so society may be orderly.

2. Freedom & Equality Economic freedom (capitalism)
Market economy
Economic equality (Marxism, Communism)
Command economy
Individual freedom (liberty)
Individual equality (community)

3. Freedom allows the individual to decide what to do, say, read, or watch and to make as much money as they want without the government interfering.
Equality ensures the rights of the group are protected by the government intervening to ensure that all people follow the same rules and are provided with a basic living.

4. Five Ideologies Liberalism (classical and reform) Conservatism
Socialism
Communism
Fascism
Ideology: A belief in how a government should operate.

5. Three Perspectives
Philosophical
Political
Economic

6. Left Wing vs Right Wing or Progress vs Tradition Left Right
1. Philosophical:
Left Wing vs Right Wing or
Progress vs Tradition
Left
Communism--Socialism--Liberalism
Right
Conservatism--Fascism

7. Left - Right Left ________________________Right Conservatism Communism
Fascism
Communism
Socialism
Liberalism

8. Left - Right in Canadian Politics
Communist
NDP Green
Liberals
Bloc Quebecois
Conservative

9. Democratic vs Totalitarian (Dictator)
2. Political:
Democratic vs Totalitarian (Dictator)
or Universal Suffrage vs Military Might
Democratic
Socialism--Liberalism--Conservatism
Totalitarian (state total involvement)
Communism--Fascism

10. Public vs Private Ownership or State Control vs Free Market Public
3. Economic:
Public vs Private Ownership or
State Control vs Free Market
Public
Communism--Socialism
Private
Liberalism--Conservatism--(Fascism)

11. Political Thinkers

12. 1. Economic Systems

13. Adam Smith The Wealth of Nations, 1776
supply will match demand if left alone (laissez-faire)
the “invisible hand”
Thatcher and Reganomics
right wing
the less government the better
Canadian Alliance, Conservative Party
free enterprise, capitalist

14. Karl Marx, Frederick Engels Communist Manifesto, 1847
proletariat vs bourgeoisie
economic equality only come about by violent overthrow of bosses by workers
to each according to need, from each according to ability
government would fade away

15. John Maynard Keynes liberalism deficit financing
government control of money supply
government ensure economic equality
Liberal and New Democratic Party

16. John Maynard Keynes
Keynes most influential work was called "The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money," published in 1936 during the depths of the Great Depression
Keynes' basic idea was simple. In order to keep people fully employed, governments have to run deficits when the economy is slowing. That's because the private sector won't invest enough. As their markets become saturated, businesses reduce their investments, setting in motion a dangerous cycle: less investment, fewer jobs, less consumption and even less reason for business to invest. The economy may reach perfect balance, but at a cost of high unemployment and social misery. Better for governments to avoid the pain in the first place by taking up the slack.

17. 2. Political Systems

18. Edmund Burke
traditional organization of politics and society must be preserved
conservatism
emphasis on tradition, with gradual and progressive change only

19. Robert Owen believe government itself could make individuals free
communities, not wealthy individuals or corporations, should own the means of production
socialism
New Democratic Party

20. Benito Mussolini & Adolf Hitler
fascism
freedom only if it contributed to the good of the state
the state above all
military strength, fierce national pride
economy while private directed to good of state

21. Economic Freedom/Equality
Liberalism
Conservatism
Socialism
Communism
Fascism
Economic Equality
Economic Freedom

22. Democracy Freedom of speech Free elections with universal suffrage
Variety of ideologies present
Courts free from interference

23. Individual Freedom/Equality
Liberalism
Conservatism
Socialism
Communism
Fascism
Individual Freedom
Individual Equality