1. Electrosurgical generators
Jeffrey L. Tokar, MD, Bradley A. Barth, MD, Subhas Banerjee, MD, Shailendra S. Chauhan, MD, Klaus T. Gottlieb, MD, MBA, Vani Konda, MD, John T. Maple, DO, Faris M. Murad, MD, Patrick R. Pfau, MD, Douglas K. Pleskow, MD, Uzma D. Siddiqui, MD, Amy Wang, MD, Sarah A. Rodriguez 
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 
Volume 78, Issue 2, Pages (August 2013)
DOI: /j.gie
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2. Figure 1
The electrosurgical current modes commonly used in GI endoscopy are represented graphically. Current delivered continuously at 100% duty cycle at more than 200 V is referred to as pure cut. Intermittent current pulsed at a 6% duty cycle is referred to as pure coagulation. Blended current is a mode that uses preset duty cycles ranging from 12% to 80%. To maintain a fixed power setting, lower duty cycles require progressively higher voltage.
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy  , DOI: ( /j.gie )
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3. Figure 2
The ERBE Endocut current mode depicted graphically. After an initial incision phase, the generator delivers bursts of cutting current that are interspersed by coagulation current. The endoscopist can vary the cut DURATION (duration of cutting bursts), the cut interval (length of time between bursts of cutting current), and the effect (to vary the intensity of the coagulation bursts). Two ENDO CUT modes exist (ENDO CUT I for sphincterotomy and ENDO CUT Q for snare polypectomy).
(Image courtesy of ERBE, Marietta, Ga.)
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy  , DOI: ( /j.gie )
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