1. Comma Usage
ENGL 1301
Ms. Hibbard

2. Use #1: Separate items in a list or series.
Example: We are going waterskiing, swimming, and snorkeling.

3. Use #2: Set off introductory words, phrases, and clauses.
Example:
Yes, you do need to read all the books in the series.
In conclusion, the 2016 Olympics should be held in Chicago.
If you want to get good grades, you need to do your homework.

4. Use #3: Set off interrupting words, phrases, and clauses.
Example: Justin, who lives down the street from me, is going to be at the party also.
I thought, anyway, that the movie was very touching.

5. Use #4: Combine two strong clauses joined with a coordinating conjunction.
Example: School is still in session for another nine weeks, so you better try to learn all you can.
School is still in session and going by quickly. (no comma needed; not two sentences)

6. Use #5: Use commas to set off appositives (a noun or noun phrase that renames or identifies a noun right beside it)
Example: During the dinner conversation, Clifford, the messiest eater at the table, spewed mashed potatoes like an erupting volcano.

7. Use #6: Use commas in addresses and dates
Example: On January 2, 1996, Bill Clinton, President of the U.S., paid a visit to Chicago, Illinois.
Cynthia moved to California in April (no comma needed without the day)

8. Use #7 :Use commas with direct quotations.
Example: Vito Corleone said, “I’m gonna make him an offer he can’t refuse.”
“Toto,” said Dorothy, “I’ve a feeling we’re not in Kansas anymore.”

9. Use #8: Set off names in direct address.
Example: Would you please be quiet, Adam?
I wish, Beverly, that you would come visit me soon!

10. I want the blue dress, not the ugly orange one!
Use #9 : Use a comma to set off contrasting expressions or to show emphasis.
Example:
I want the blue dress, not the ugly orange one!
Tea should be steeped, never boiled.
Amy loves cats, particularly her calico.