1. The Rise of Greek Civilization, 1100-387 B.C.E.
Chapter 3
The Rise of Greek Civilization, B.C.E.

2. Learning Objectives: Questions to Consider
What was the role of competition in the evolution of Greek society and politics?
In what ways did the Greeks borrow from other cultures?
How was the Spartan social system designed to preserve the Spartan way of life?
How did Athenian democracy function?
What were the consequences of the Peloponnesian War for the Greeks?

3. The Development of Greek Identity, 1100-776 B.C.E.
The Greek Dark Ages
Evidence for the Dark Ages
The Oral Transmission of Myths and Legends
Homer’s Illiad and Odyssey
The Settlement of the Dorians
Dark Age Communities
Rural Villages in a Subsistence Economy
Government: from Monarchy to Constitutional Rule by an Aristocracy and Archons
The Rise of the Polis and Civil Loyalty
Acropolis and Agora

4. The Development of Greek Identity, 1100-776 B.C.E.
Competition and Conflict
The Nature of Competitiveness
The Importance of Aretē
Gender Roles
The Role of Women
Subordination and Domesticity
The Role of Men
Male Homosocialization

5. The Development of Greek Identity, 1100-776 B.C.E.
Religion and Culture
Anthropomorphic Gods and Goddesses
Olympian Gods
Religious Practices
Temples and Priests
Ritual and Goodwill
Oracles
Shared Identity
Hellenes and Barbarians
Pan-Hellenic Festivals and Olympiads

6. The Archaic Age, 776-500 B.C.E. The Revival of Trade and Culture
Expanding Commerce and Colonization
The Influence of Near Eastern Culture
The Evolution of Literature and Thought
The Origins of Greek Literature
Poetic Traditions: Homer, Hesiod, and Lyric Poetry (Sappho, Pindar)
The Development of Greek Philosophy
Thales, Democritus, and Pythagorus
Logos and Reason

7. The Archaic Age, 776-500 B.C.E. The Rise of Militarism
Changes in Military Recruitment
Hoplite Armies
The Phalanx
New Forms of Government
Oligarchies, Lawgivers, and Tyrants ( B.C.E.)
Periander (7th century B.C.E.)

8. Sparta and Athens The Spartan Way Government: Kings and Elders
The Good Rule of Sparta
Lycurgus (700 B.C.E.)
Spartan Women
Sparta and the Helots
Conquest of the Peloponnesus
Slavery
The Peloponnesian League

9. Sparta and Athens The Evolution of Athenian Government
Draco and the Law (621 B.C.E.)
The Reforms of Solon (6th century B.C.E.)
The Lifting of Burdens and Constitutional Reform
The Athenian Tyranny
Peisistratus (d. 527 B.C.E.)
Athenian Democracy
Cleisthenes and the Council of 500
The Operation of Democracy
Thetes, Ostracism, and the Strategos

10. The Classical Age, 500–387 B.C.E. The Persian Wars Ionian Origins
The First Persian Invasion of Greece
Marathon (490 B.C.E.)
Themistocles and the Athenian Navy
The Second Persian Invasion of Xerxes
Defeat at Thermoplyae (480 B.C.E.)
Victory at Salamis (480 B.C.E.) and Plataea (479 B.C.E.)

11. The Classical Age, 500–387 B.C.E. The Rise and Fall of Athens
The Delian League
Tribute and Empire
Pericles (d. 429 B.C.E.)
The Peloponnesian War ( B.C.E.)
The Decline of Greece
The King’s Peace, 387 B.C.E.

12. The Classical Age, 500–387 B.C.E. The Golden Age of Greek Culture
The Golden Age of Athens
Monumental Building on the Acropolis
The Parthenon
Greek Drama
Tragedy and Comedy
Greek Playwrights and Their Themes
Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, and Aristophanes
The Invention of History
Herodotus, Thucydides, and Xenophon
Socrates (d. 399 B.C.E.) and Plato