1. PROMOTING GREEN TRADE IN A WORLD OF GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS
Dale Andrew
OECD
Trade and Agriculture Directorate
World Climate Summit
Warsaw, COP 19,
17 November 2013

2. A world of GVCs… 5 1 4 6 2 3 7 Decomposition of gross exports
Value added by second tier suppliers
Decomposition of gross exports
Value added by first tier suppliers
Value added in the country of final production
Final consumption
Final assembly 5
Trade in final goods 1 4 6
Trade in inputs
(second tier suppliers) 2 3
Trade in inputs (first tier suppliers) 7
OECD Trade and Agriculture Directorate

3. … where value is created in many places
OECD Trade and Agriculture Directorate

4. Value chain for crystalline-silicon solar panels
Solar Silicon
Ingots & Wafers
Cells
Modules
PV systems, installation, operation & maintenance, dismantling, recycling
Dominated by 7 companies that supply around 90% of the total market. Barriers to entry: high.
Top 5 companies have >90% of the market. Barriers to entry: low.
Top 15 producers have 50% of the market. Barriers to entry: high.
The biggest market share is Chinese companies (50%); Taiwan, Japan & US Barriers to entry low
Usually taken up by local producers in a given country.
Sources: Adapted from Voituriez and Balmer (2012): “The Muddle over Green Race”, IDDRI & Green Rhino Energy (

5. The wind energy value chain
Upstream and midstream Wind turbine production
Downstream - Onshore wind power generation
R&D
Key inputs (cast iron, forgings, fiber)
Towers
Blades
Gearboxes
Bearings
Wind turbine deployment: sales, site assessment, financing, logistics, park construction
Operations and maintenance, grid connection and power sales

6. Visit our website: www.oecd.org/trade Contact: dale.andrew@oecd.org
For more information
Visit our website:
Contact:
Trade and Agriculture Directorate