2. INTERCONTINENTAL TRANSPORT: CONCENTRATIONS AND FLUXES
QUANTIFYING INTERCONTINENTAL TRANSPORT THROUGH INTEGRATION OF OBSERVATIONS AND MODELS
SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS
Global and continuous but
few species, low resolution
Source/sink
inventories
3-D CHEMICAL
TRACER MODELS
SURFACE OBSERVATIONS
high resolution but spatially limited
Assimilated
meteorological
data
AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONS
High resolution, targeted flights
provide critical snapshots
for model testing
Chemical
and aerosol
processes
INTERCONTINENTAL TRANSPORT:
CONCENTRATIONS AND FLUXES

3. PACIFIC ASIA TRACE-P EXECUTION FLIGHT PLANNING ASIAN OUTFLOW DC-8 P-3
Satellite data
in near-real time:
MOPITT
TOMS
SEAWIFS
AVHRR
LIS
Stratospheric
intrusions
FLIGHT
PLANNING
Long-range transport from
Europe, N. America, Africa
ASIAN
OUTFLOW
3D chemical model
forecasts:
- ECHAM
- GEOS-CHEM
- Iowa/Kyushu
- Meso-NH
-LaRC/U. Wisconsin
Boundary layer
chemical/aerosol
processing
DC-8
P-3
PACIFIC
Emissions
Fossil fuel
Biomass burning
Biosphere, dust
ASIA
PACIFIC

4. TOMS AND SEAWIFS DATA DURING TRACE-P (3/21/01)
Observations of dust, biomass burning plumes
TOMS
Aerosol index
DC-8
Flight track
SEAWIFS
AOD
SEAWIFS
Visible image
On March 19 there was a strong dust outbreak, with dust concentrations greater than 100 ug/m3 predicted to be transported into the Yellow Sea. The dust forecast in the upper right shows clearly the outflow pattern. This plume was consistent with that observed by TOMS and Seawifs. Note the extension of the dust plume over over Japan. This was sampled by the P-3 on their return to Yokota.

5. MOPITT near-real time CO column data during TRACE-P: diamonds show validation experiments
Get map of aircraft flight tracks
Source: J.C. Gille, NCAR
MOPITT validation spirals
MOPITT validation transect (following orbit track)

6. MOPITT validation during TRACE-P: 40N, 132W
0226 at 2005Z; double spiral
bracketing in time the MOPITT
overpass. Solid stratus deck
with tops at 3.5Kft, otherwise
clear sky. Layer at 4-7 km is aged
Asian pollution.
DC-8 CO data
(Sachse)

7. RETRIEVAL OF TROPOSPHERIC NO2 FROM GOME July 1996 data [Martin et al
Scattering AMF using
local shape factors from the
GEOS-CHEM model and
accounting for local cloud
information (fraction, top,
optical depth)
GEOS-CHEM global
3-D model with GEIA
inventory for NOx
(scaled to 1996)

8. FORMALDEHYDE COLUMNS FROM GOME: July 1996 means [Palmer et al., 2001]

9. GOME
MAPPING OF ISOPRENE EMISSIONS BY SCALING OF GOME FORMALDEHYDE COLUMNS (July 1996)
GEIA
BEIS2

10. SLANT FORMALDEHYDE COLUMNS FROM GOME: Isoprene “volcano” in the Ozarks [Palmer et al., 2001]

11. SAMPLE 500 hPa OZONE FIELD AS VIEWED BY TES
GEOS-CHEM data
for Aug. 15, 1994
(“real atmosphere”)
…as would be retrieved
by TES… (level 2 data)
… and subsequently
Interpolated (level 3 data)

12. THE LONGER-TERM PERSPECTIVE: GEOSTATIONARY OBSERVATIONS
GIFTS (2004), GEO-TRACE (proposed), GEO-SCIA (proposed)
Observe ozone, CO, NO2, HCHO, aerosols (scattering and absorbing), water vapor, clouds in nadir
Advantage: continuous observation of continental-scale scene with high spatial resolution
Resolve synoptic-scale transport, convective outflow
Resolve temporal dependence of emissions
Can be moved in space (or deployed in constellation) to provide global mapping
Disadvantages
Distant viewing (compensate by staring)
Low vertical resolution (compensate by high horizontal density of information)