1. POPULATIONS AND ECOSYSTEMS

2. ORGANISM / INDIVIDUAL Any living thing.
ONE member of a species or population.
EX: A deer, a rabbit, a bacteria, a tree, a flower, a mushroom, etc.

3. POPULATION
A population is made up of all the organisms of the same species that live in an area at the same time.
EX: Bison living in the prairie, colony of fish, a pack of wolves, a grouping of trees

4. COMMUNITY
All of the different populations of all species LIVING in an ecosystem.
Only the populations living in an area, not the place where they live!
EX: Birds, deer, grass, trees, fungi, bacteria, ticks, all living together in the same area.

5. ECOSYSTEM
Consists of all the organisms living in an area, as well as the nonliving parts of that environment.
EX: Deer, birds, insects, grass, + the water, temperature, sunlight, soil, air quality, etc.

6. ABIOTIC Nonliving things that effect living organisms.
EX: Sun, temperature, rainfall, soil

7. BIOTIC
Living organisms and products of living things.

9. BIOMES
A biome is a large geographical area of distinctive plant and animal groups.
The climate and geography of a region determines what type of biome exists.
9 biomes Tundra, Deciduous Forest, Savanna, Taiga, Chaparral, Rainforest, Grasslands, Desert, Alpine.
Each biome consists of many ecosystems.

11. WHAT IS A SPECIES?
A class or group of individuals having similar characteristics.
Used to classify organisms.
How are organisms classified?

12. Taxonomy and Bionomial Nomenclature12

13. The science of classifying all living things into seven major groups based on similarities of structure or origin
Taxonomy 13

14. Classification How are organisms classified? Kingdom Phylum Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species 14

15. Classification of Humans
Kingdom-
Phylum-
Class-
Order-
Family-
Genus-
Species-
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Hominidae
Homo
Sapien
How do you remember the order? 15

16. Group Name
Organism
Human
Chimpanzee
House Cat
Lion
Housefly
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Chordata
Arthropoda
Class
Mammal
Insect
Order
Primates
Carnivora
Family
Hominidae
Pongidae
Felidae
Muscidae
Genus
Homo
Pan
Felis
Musca
Species
sapiens
troglodytes
domestica
leo
Scientific Name
Homo sapiens
Pan troglodytes
Felis domestica
Felis leo
Musca domestica
As you go down the column, the defining characteristics of each subgroup become more and more similar.
The members of a kingdom are more diverse, and the members of a species are more similar. 16

17. If two organisms are in the same Order, they must be in the same Kingdom, Phylum, and Class.17

18. How to Remember
King Phillip Came Over For Good Supper 18

19. Five Kingdoms Monerans Ex: Bacteria (single celled, prokaryotic)
Protista
Ex: Amoeba (single celled, eukaryotic)
Fungi
Ex: Mushroom (multicellular, eukaryotic)
Plantae
Ex: Flowering Plants (multicellular, eukaryotic)
Animalia
Ex: People, Elephants (multicellular, eukaryotic) 19

20. Binomial Nomenclature
Translates to “two-name name-calling”
Every species has a generic (genus) and a specific name (species)
Always in Latin
Carolus Linnaeus
Known as father of taxonomy
Made up the binomial system for naming organisms
Very similar to how people are named
Genus is the surname (last name)
Species is the personal name (first name) 20

21. Why use Scientific Names?
Many organisms have more than one common name
Many different species have the same common name
Ex: American Robin and European Robin
Universal language understood around the world 21

22. The Use of Scientific Names
Genus is always capital and species is always lower case
Underline the whole name
Examples
Felis domesticus (house cat)
Canis familiaris (common dog)
Acer saccharum (maple tree) 22

24. Unusual Names Abra cadabra (snail) La cucaracha (moth)
Wakiewakie (rat kangaroo)
Ba humbugi (snail)
Balbaroo fangaroo (kangaroo)
Chaos chaos (protozoan) 24

25. What is your Scientific Name?
Female
Male
Genus
-a or -es
-us
Species
-ae -i
For Example: Bart Simpson Simpson Bart Simpson bart Simpsonus barti
- a persons name
- last name first (genus)
- first name is lower case (species)
add proper endings and underline
Now write your name! 25

26. Group Name Organism Human Chimpanzee House Cat Lion Housefly Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Chordata
Arthropoda
Class
Mammal
Insect
Order
Primates
Carnivora
Family
Hominidae
Pongidae
Felidae
Muscidae
Genus
Homo
Pan
Felis
Musca
Species
sapiens
troglodytes
domestica
leo
Scientific Name
Homo sapiens
Pan troglodytes
Felis domestica
Felis leo
Musca domestica 26

27. LINNAEUS Swedish botanist Born in 1700’s
Made up the binomial system for naming organisms
Known as father of taxonomy

28. How are organisms classified?
Kingdom-
Phylum- Class Order Family Genus Species-
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Hominidae
Homo
sapiens

29. Acronym to remember Kings Play Cards On Fat Green Stools
King Phillip came over for good supper
Make up your own

30. Binomial Nomenclature
Translates to “two-name name-calling”
Every species has a generic (genus) and specific name (species)
Always in Latin
Very similar to how people are named
Genus is the surname (last name)
Species is the personal name (first name)

31. Why use Scientific Names?
Many organisms have more than one common name
Many different species have the same common names
American Robin and the European Robin
Universally understood throughout the world

32. How does it work?
Genus is always capital and species is always lower case
Examples of scientific names:
Felis domesticus (house cat)
Canis familiaris (common dog)
Acer saccharum (maple tree)
Satter kari

33. Weird Scientific Names
Abra cadabra (snail)
La cucaracha (moth)
Wakiewakie (rat kangaroo)
Ba humbugi (snail)
Balbaroo fangaroo (kangaroo)
Chaos chaos (protozoan)

34. How to “latinize” your name
Female
Male
Genus
-a or -es
-us
Species
-ae -i
For example:
Bart Simpson a person’s name
Simpson Bart - last name (genus) first
Simpson bart -first name is lower case (species)
Simpsonus barti add male endings to genus
and species

35. Science of classifying all living things into seven major categories
TAXONOMY pages 8 and 9
Science of classifying all living things into seven major categories

36. Which group on the chart do you think has the most organisms in it?
Kingdom

37. What are the five kingdoms?
Monerans
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia

38. 1. What do all animals have in common?
Heterotrophic
Eukaryotic
Multicellular

39. What four organisms are put in the same first three levels?
Human
Chimp
House cat
Lion

40. 3. What do you notice about the characteristics of the groups as you move down the Animalia kingdom?
They become more similar

41. 3. Compare the characteristics of a kingdom verses a species
3. Compare the characteristics of a kingdom verses a species. What do you notice?
Kingdom is more diverse
Species is more similar

42. Are the cat and housefly the same species?
NO, because the groups above them don’t all match.
Species is like a first name it means little unless the last name (genus) is with it.

43. 4. If two organisms are in the same Order, they must be in the same…
Kingdom
Phylum
Class

44. 5. Every organism is given a scientific name that consists of what?
Genus
Species
Which one is always capitalized?
Which one is always lower case?

45. 7. Which two organisms are most closely related on the chart? WHY
Cat and lion
They are the same in 6 of the 7 levels of classification.

46. 7. A human is most closely related to what organism on the chart? WHY
Chimp
They are the same in 4 of the 7 levels of classification.