1. Origins and Development of authoritarian and single pary states

2. The nature of single-party states
Are right-wing and left-wing states very different in their goals, policies and structures? P. 327; sources

3. Historical Context War Economic crisis Political instability
Lack of leadership
Unpopular or tyrannical governments
Fear of revolution
New ideas introduced in politics
Nationalism, independence movements

4. The Leader
Physical characteristics- size, phycical appearence, personal magnetism ( charisma), ability to articulate
Personal skills, qualities ( public speaking, as a writer, personal charm
Ability to recruit and gain support of other powerful and talented individuals
Personal history, evidence of heroism, courage, personal sacrifice
Motivation and commitment

5. Weak or unpopular policies
The Elimination of opposition/ why is it difficult to resist a single-party system?
Weak or unpopular policies
Rigid or insensitive attitudes to some sectors of the population
Lack of experience and a failure to recognize problems
Failure to bring reforms or a determination to retain traditional structures and policies
Divided leadership
Underestimating the strength / popularity of the opposition

6. Elimination of opposition/ groups
Religious minorities
Trade unions
Political parties
Social classes
Media organisations
Armed forces/ police
Businessmen
Local of state governments

7. How?