1. Naming Covalent Compounds

2. Comparing Ionic & Covalent Compounds
Slide # 2
Comparing Ionic & Covalent Compounds
Ionic Compounds
Covalent Compounds
Have positive & negative ions
Neutral molecules
Solids
Solids, liquids, or gases
High melting point & high boiling points
Lower melting & boiling points (often liquids or gases at room temp)
Separate into charged particles in water
Remain as same molecules in water
Conduct electricity when melted
Poor conductors of electricity

3. Electron Dot Diagrams Use to show how 2 or more atoms form a compound
Slide # 3
Electron Dot Diagrams
Use to show how 2 or more atoms form a compound
Usually only include the valence electrons of the atom
The electron dot diagram shows that Na has 1 electron to give up
The electron dot diagram shows that Cl needs to gain 1 electron

4. Electron dot diagrams of Elements in Group 18
Slide # 4
Electron dot diagrams of Elements in Group 18
Electron dot diagrams of the Inert gases (Group 18) show that they have 8 (except He) valence electrons.
8 valence electrons means that they are stable & non-reactive

5. Electron dot diagrams of diatomic elements
Slide # 5
Electron dot diagrams of diatomic elements
Some elements in nature only exist as diatomic elements (2 atoms chemically bonded together)
Diatomic elements: H2 O2 N2 F2
Cl2
Br2 I2
An electron dot diagram for oxygen.
An electron dot diagram for fluorine.

6. Electron Dot Diagrams for Compounds
Slide # 6
Electron Dot Diagrams for Compounds

7. Naming Covalent Compounds
Slide #7
Naming Covalent Compounds
Often a pair of elements can form several different compounds.
EX: carbon & oxygen can form CO2 or CO
CO2 = carbon dioxide
CO = carbon monoxide
Prefix
Meaning
Mono- 1
Hexa 6 Di 2
Hepta 7
Tri 3
Octa 8
Tetra 4
Nona 9
Penta 5
Deca 10

8. Practice Naming these Compounds
Slide # 8
Practice Naming these Compounds
SO2 NO
SiI4
P4O10
PCl3
Sulfur dioxide
Nitrogen monoxide
Silicon tetraiodide
Tetraphosphorus decoxide
Phosphorus trichloride