1. Animal Cloning 1

2. White-faced lamb (clone) from Black-faced surrogate mother
Black-faced sheep +
White-faced sheep =
White-faced lamb (clone) from
Black-faced surrogate
mother 2

3. GM: GloFish
The GloFish is a trademarked brand of genetically modified fluorescent zebrafish
First genetically modified animal to become publicly available as a pet 3

4. GM: GloFish An ordinary zebrafish When? 1999
Where? National University of Singapore
Who? Scientists from Singapore
Why?
Goal create a fish that could detect pollution by glowing in the presence of environmental toxins
GloFish: first step in this process 3

5. GM: GloFish
How?
1) Scientists extracted the green fluorescent protein gene from a jellyfish that naturally produced bright green bioluminescence
2) inserted the gene into the zebrafish genome
After that they developed:
a line of red fluorescent zebra fish  gene from a sea coral
and yellow fluorescent zebra fish  variant of the jellyfish gene 3

6. Dolly the Sheep Birth: July 5, 1996 Death: February 14, 2003
was cloned at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh
first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell by using nuclear transfer 4

7. Dolly the Sheep
LIFE:
lived for her entire life at the Roslin Institute
gave birth to six lambs
at the age of 5, Dolly developed arthritis
→ began to walk stiffly
euthanized because of a progressive lung disease
→ Roslin scientist think there was no connection with Dolly being a clone sheep 4

8. Cloning of Endangered Species

9. Current Situation Rate of extinction is accelerating  habitat change
 pollution of environment
 global warming
 expansion of human society
One in four animals on threatened list
Massive decline in populations of animals
 loss of biodiversity
 reduction of the stability of ecosystems

10. Specific case: Amur leopard
Rarest cat in the world
 habitat loss, poaching
Inbreeding
 deformity, infertility
Habitat: Russian Far East
High-priority animal 5

11. Idea of DNA library Preserve gene pool  living library for the future
Take tissue samples
Put them into culture
Freeze cells in liquid nitrogen
DNA is alive and able to produce embryos
Cell: complete copy of DNA
Can reverse extinctions (if relative is available) 6

12. 7

13. Pro Arguments A way to remedy the problem of endangered species
Only available tool we have
Cloning allows to select the best and healthier donors 8

14. Contra Arguments Could hamper efforts to conserve biodiverse habitats
 maybe negative consequences for other animals
Playing God
Problem of extinction is not reduced
Extinct animals establish a community that could reproduce
Gives a false sense of security (no habitat preservation) 8

15. Cloning in Other Countries
South Africa's Law on Human Tissue 1983 bans the cloning of human cells; however, it has been amended, offering the possibility of sanctioning future research efforts.
Australia "prohibits human cloning and other unacceptable practices associated with reproductive technology and for related purposes."
In the Middle East only Israel has legislation governing genetic interventions. It strictly prohibits reproductive cloning and genetic intervention such as germ line gene therapy. 9

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18. Works Cited http://www.calresco.org/ewp/full/cloning.jpg