1. Engaging Focus: Federalist Era vs. Jacksonian Era
View the following slides and answer “Part 1: Engaging Focus” questions in your student handout.

2. Washington and his Cabinet

3. Political Discussion in the 1830s

4. Washington’s Inauguration

5. Outside the White House after Jackson’s Inauguration

6. The Age of Jackson

7. Issues that Challenged “Old Hickory”

8. The Election of 1824
The “Corrupt Bargain”

9. Andrew Jackson- Democrat John Quincy Adams- Whig Henry Clay- Whig
The Candidates
Andrew Jackson- Democrat
John Quincy Adams- Whig
Henry Clay- Whig
William Crawford- Democrat
Jackson won the popular vote, but no candidate won the electoral vote.

10. The vote went to the House of Representatives who picked from the top three- Jackson, Adams, and Crawford.
Who will you
vote for?
Clay used his position as Speaker of the House to persuade representatives to vote for Adams, who won.
Adams!

11. Adams appointed Clay Secretary of State.
Jackson called the election a “Corrupt Bargain.”
Why did he feel this was a “Corrupt Bargain”?
Secretary of State
Henry Clay

12. Jackson won by a landslide.
John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson faced each other again in the 1828 election.
Jackson won by a landslide.
To the
victor belongs
the spoils!

13. Jackson and the Common Man
We love Jackson!

14. The era of Jacksonian Democracy is sometimes called the
Rise of the Common Man
Many of Jackson’s supporters were small farmers and laborers, factory workers and tenant farmers.

15. Before the Election of 1828, many states abolished the property requirements to vote.
Record numbers of people voted in the 1828 Election. Most of them voted for Jackson. He was seen as, “one of us.”

16. end of property requirement to vote
Democracy expanded and more people participated in politics during the Jacksonian Era.
end of property requirement to vote
spoils system
nominating conventions replace private caucuses to choose candidates (1832 Election)

17. New campaigning methods appeared in the 1828 Election:
barbecues
slogans
pins/buttons
MUDSLINGING – statements intended to damage your opponent’s reputation
VOTE FOR JACKSON!

18. Why is more participation in politics good for democracy?
Looking at Jackson’s supporters, who might not be so thrilled?

19. Spoils - benefits gained by the winner
The Spoils System
Spoils - benefits gained by the winner

20. After taking office, Jackson fires many Federalist officials.
OUT!!!
He gave their jobs to his loyal supporters.
The Spoils System is giving political jobs to loyal supporters.

21. What is a positive aspect of the spoils system?
What is a negative aspect of the spoils system?

22. The Kitchen Cabinet

23. The Kitchen Cabinet was Jackson’s unofficial advisors consisting of the press, democratic leaders, loyal supporters and friends.
They met informally in the White House kitchen to discuss politics and give Jackson advice.

24. They were known as a “rough” group.

25. What is a positive aspect of the Kitchen Cabinet?
What is a negative aspect of the Kitchen Cabinet?

26. The Bank of the United States

27. The Bank of the U.S. was created by Federalist Alexander Hamilton.
The Bank’s purpose was to regulate economic policies.

28. Jackson thought the Bank was too powerful.
He thought Bank president Nicholas Biddle and Bank administrators used the Bank for their own profit.

29. The Bank cut back on loans which hurt farmers in the West.
Jackson vowed, “I will kill it!”
He vetoed the Bank when its charter was up for renewal.

30. The Nullification Crisis
Tariff Bill of 1828

31. Congress passed the Tariff Bill of 1828 which was the highest import tax ever.
This was a “protective tariff” because it was designed to protect U.S. industry by increasing tariffs on goods from Europe.

32. This tax hurt Southern planters because they depended on trade with Europe.
The high tariff meant Southerners still sold their cotton to Europe, but paid more for European imports.

33. They called it the “Tariff of Abominations”
They called it the “Tariff of Abominations”. An abomination is something hated.
Vice President John C. Calhoun was from South Carolina and, like most Southerners, believed in the idea of “states’ rights”.

34. States’ rights is the right of states to limit the power of the federal government.
South Carolina passed the Nullification Act and declared the tariff illegal.
Nullify means
cancel.

35. South Carolina threatened to secede if the tariff was not lifted.
Secede means withdraw.
What are Jackson’s options?
If you were Jackson, what would you do?

36. Henry Clay designed a compromise that lowered the tariff but gave the president more power to use force if a state threatened to secede.

37. The Hayne-Webster (aka Webster-Hayne) Debate
Sen. Robert Hayne of South Carolina argued that states had a right to nullify federal laws and even secede.
Nullification Crisis
Sen. Daniel Webster of NH defended the Constitution and the Union; nullification would mean the end of the Union..
Tariff .

38. The Hayne-Webster (aka Webster-Hayne) Debate
Nullification Crisis
States can nullify federal laws (declare them unconstitutional) if they help one section and hurt another! --Robert Hayne
Tariff
“Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable!”
--Daniel Webster .

39. The Trail of Tears

40. One Way
In a desire to attract more white settlers, Georgia began moving Native Americans west.
Jackson believed he did not have the power as president to interfere with Georgia’s rights and stop the removal.

41. Jackson pushed the “Indian Removal Act” through Congress which gave the president power to move Native Americans west of the Mississippi.

42. However, President Jackson refused to enforce the Court’s ruling.
But the Cherokee nation refused to move and took their case to the Supreme Court. In Worcester v. Georgia, the Court ruled in favor of the Cherokees.
However, President Jackson refused to enforce the Court’s ruling.

43. Many Native Americans, mostly Cherokee, were forced to move.
Besides losing their homeland, many Native Americans died along the way.

44. Some groups, such as the Seminoles of Florida, resisted.
This forced removal and journey west became know as the “Trail of Tears”.
Some groups, such as the Seminoles of Florida, resisted.

45. However, the Seminoles were eventually removed.
Led by Chief Osceola, The Seminole Indians of Florida resisted removal by fighting the U.S. government in what became known as the Seminole Wars.
However, the Seminoles were eventually removed.

46. How do you think Andrew Jackson handled the issues of his presidency?
What do you think of this common man raised in a log cabin in Tennessee?

47. Creating Political Cartoons
Your assignment is to create two political cartoons on two different issues in Andrew Jackson’s presidency.
A political cartoon makes a point or conveys the cartoonist’s opinion.

48. Political cartoons use symbols and words to convey their message.
Political cartoons may be entertaining, but their main purpose is to challenge the reader to think.
Analyze the following political cartoons:

49. The cartoonist thinks Jackson rules like a ____.
What words and symbols are used to convey the cartoonist’s point of view?
What is on the paper he is holding? What is the cartoonist trying to point out with this symbol?
He is standing on the Constitution and Bank charter.
The cartoonist has a positive view of Jackson. True or false?

50. This cartoon is about Jackson’s use of the spoils system
This cartoon is about Jackson’s use of the spoils system. What clues might tell us this?

51. What Jackson issue is described in this cartoon?
“Despotism”- a despot is someone who rules with complete and total power.
According to the cartoonist, what events might occur if Jackson continues leading the nation?

52. Read the information in Part 3 of the student handout for instructions on creating a political cartoon.