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The Home Front How American citizens waged war at home and supported their loved ones abroad.

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Presentation on theme: "The Home Front How American citizens waged war at home and supported their loved ones abroad."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Home Front How American citizens waged war at home and supported their loved ones abroad.

2 Rationing Equal distribution of available resources or using sparingly. What was rationed: Sugar (1st) Coffee Meat Butter Tires Gas Nylons Make-up Clothing How it worked: Based on number of people in family Specific things, specific duration Price ceilings Maximum price set by government Ration stamp AND money

3 Civic Duties Victory Gardens 20 million+ planted 9-10 million tons
50% of total production People stopped growing these gardens at wars end Canning/other forms of preservation Civic Duties V-mail Paper was in short supply Long time, heavy Only source of contact VERY important So…. Go to Post Office get special card Write and return Photographed Film sent overseas Lighter! The pictures were printed and mailed Families with men in the War put stars in their windows representing the number serving. Blue for active Gold for lost in action

4 Civic Duties Continued…
Conservation and Recycling Metal (car bumpers to bottle caps to lipstick cases) Steel and aluminum Collected in “Scrap Drives” – often by young boys Paper Gas/Oil Rubber and Tin Cooking fats Silk and Nylon

5 War Bonds Defense Bonds first War Bonds after Pearl Harbor $25
Stamps for smaller amounts collected Children and Adults $25 after 10 years = $25.73 Sold everywhere In towns – Girl and Boy Scouts By celebrities and sports leagues Exhibition games, selling kisses, radio-thons Total $185.7 BILLION Over ½ population buys them Helps fund the War Effort and promote Saving! Giant vs. Yankees both beat by Dodgers (three team game!)

6 Women & Minorities in Workplace
Industry increasing, unemployment decreasing Manpower surplus, Severe shortage in manpower Men to War – Jobs replaced Private Employers/Government encouraged women/minorities to work 750,000 African Americas migrated to N. and W. industrial cities 1940:12 million women (1/4) in workforce War End: 18 million (1/3) in workforce Where did they work? Riveters and Welders Weapons testers Volunteer Firefighters Factory workers Seamstresses making military clothing Clerical positions 3 million in the War industry – remainder in more typical jobs.

7 Propaganda War posters and Video Newsreels
Office of War Information (OWI) Aimed at all aspects of American society Women, Children, Minorities Promoted Democracy, War Aims, Ideals Bring American People together Support War Helped by new technology and media

8 Japanese Internment FDR Executive Order 9066
Authorizing mass incarceration Around 130,000 Japanese-Americans interned 2/3rds are American citizens, ½ are children Germans and Italians Americans too Forced to either leave behind or sell for virtually nothing all of their possessions, homes, and businesses/farms President Reagan issues Reparations $20,000 to surviving detainees President Bush, Sr. issues an apology

9 Organization & Volunteerism
Civil Defense Air raid wardens Fire and Police Auxiliaries Black-out monitors Organized War Bond sales Collection drives for scrap metal and other products Rolled bandages, knit socks, etc. Red Cross Victory Corps Volunteer Ambulance drivers

10 Pop- Culture Tattoos Pin-ups Movies and Radio 2 feature films
Common on servicemen Pin-ups Images sent to soldiers Hollywood starlets and “hometown” girls Movies and Radio ¾ Newsreels showed military hostilities/war related info FDR fireside chats continue thru WWII Heavy censorship At Movies: 2 feature films Serial (like TV) Previews Cartoons Newsreels

11 Fun Facts!!! Copper and Nickel get removed from money!!!
Women started playing in major league sports Girls’s Professional Baseball League (Movie: A League of their Own) Celebrities and Sports Teams would put on exhibitions to help sell war bonds! Clark Cable and Humphrey Bogart, both famous Hollywood actors, join the military and go to War. Superman did not join the War, because they were afraid it would make the War look too easy. Captain America – 1944 – In red and white tights to do battle with the Nazi’s! Wonder Woman too! USO organized many functions for soldiers Dances, coffee and donut socials, and shows My Grandmother and Grandfather met at one of the dances!

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