1. Systematic Theology
An Introduction
Part 2

2. Classic Apologists
C.S. Lewis
Freiherr von Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
Thomas Aquinas
J. R. Tolkien
St. Augustine
George McDonald
Soren Kierkegaard
Edward John Carnell

3. Modern Apologists William A. Dembski William Lane Craig Michael Behe
Jason Lile
Norman Geisler
Robert Jastrow
Paul D. Feinberg
Nancy Pearcy
Mark A. Noll
Lee Strobel
Josh McDowell
Ken Ham

4. 1. Atheism is not a belief. Rather it is a lack of belief in God
1. Atheism is not a belief. Rather it is a lack of belief in God. As such, it has nothing to prove and the theist bears all the burden of proof in the debate.

5. 2. We are all atheists about most Gods
2. We are all atheists about most Gods. I’m just atheist about one more God than you. When you understand why you disbelieve in the existence of all the other gods, then you’ll understand why I disbelieve in your god.

6. 3. Christianity has always stood against the advances of science
3. Christianity has always stood against the advances of science. The case of Galileo is proof.

7. 4. The Bible was written by the same people who believed that the earth was flat.

8. 5. Most scientists are atheists therefore the belief in God is not scientific.

9. 6. Extra ordinary claims require extra ordinary evidence.

10. 7. Do not argue with me about what caused the world to come to exist
7. Do not argue with me about what caused the world to come to exist. I cannot explain how the world came into existence just like you cannot explain how God came into existence.

11. 8. If everything needs a cause, then God needs a cause.

12. 9. Atheists can be moral without believing in God
9. Atheists can be moral without believing in God. Therefore God is not necessary for morality.

13. 10. Virtual particles prove that it is possible for something to come into existence uncaused out of nothing. Therefore, the universe could have come into existence uncaused out of nothing.

14. 11. Can God make a rock too heavy for Him to pick up?

15. 12. Science flies you to the moon. Religion flies you into buildings.

16. 13. Axial Tilt: The Reason for the Season.

17. 14. Morality is doing what is right regardless of what you are told
14. Morality is doing what is right regardless of what you are told. Religion is doing what you are told regardless of what is right.

18. 15. Don’t pray in my school and I won’t think in your church.

19. 16. Science speaks of facts without having absolute certainty
16. Science speaks of facts without having absolute certainty. Religion speaks of absolute certainty without having facts.

20. 17. Christians do not understand God, because God is above their comprehension. Therefore, Christians do not know what they believe and are agnostic.

21. Atheism
Believes that there is no God that exists
The physical natural universe is all that exists and ever will exists
Believes that the universe is self-sustaining
All is matter

22. Every Finite being needs a cause
Believes that there is a Creator God beyond the universe, but that God is limited in nature, therefore limited in His attributes in some way
Every Finite being needs a cause
It follows that the cause of every Finite being is a Being that is Infinite

23. Polytheism
Belief that there are many finite gods
Denies that there is an infinite God who exists beyond the world
More than the Most is not possible
Actuality cannot differ

24. Pantheism
Holds that there is not a God beyond the universe who is Creator
Instead, they believe that God is the universe and the universe is God
“Pantheism affirms that God is all” (20)
All is mind
Negates God’s transcendence in favor of His immanence
Human beings change
People who are pantheists came to believe this way

25. Pan-en-theism
God is in the universe as a mind is in a body
Hold to process theology

26. Deism
There is a God who created the universe but then let it go to its natural end
He is not involved in the function of the universe in any way
Negates God’s immanence in favor of His transcendence

27. Theism 
There is a God.
He is active.
He is not silent.