1. Unit 2: Essay #3
“Who were Progressives & Populists and how did they believe problems caused by industrialization & urbanization should be solved?”

2. Problems of Industrializaiton & Urbanization
CHILD LABOR POLITICAL MACHINES MONOPOLIES
POLLUTION OVERCROWDED CITIES NATIVISM GRAFT/FRAUD
UNSAFE WORK CONDITIONS LOW PAY COMPANY TOWNS
WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE RR LAND GRANTS NO SAFETY CODES
TENEMENTS ROW HOUSES LACK OF SEWAGE/SANITATION

3. Who you gonna call ? America’s Heroes ?

4. You need “The Progressive” !
NO !
You need “The Progressive” !

5. I. Who were Progressives ? Common Characteristics
Men & Women – many women concerned about family & education issues
Well educated - college
White (European Immigrants)
Urban dwellers
Middle-Class (some working class led Unions)
Republicans / Democrats

6. I. Who were Progressives ?
Two Types:
1. ANALYSTS =
“Thinkers” –
They study & identify problems & solutions – then
they WROTE about problems/solutions
Occupations =
Authors, Journalists, Professors (includes “muckrakers”)

7. I. Who were Progressives ?
Two Types:
2. ACTIVISTS =
“Do’ers”
They take direct action to try and solve problems
Occupations=
Politicians, union leaders, social workers

8. A group similar to Progressives
Populists
a political PARTY against
Big Business/Wall Street MONOPOLIES
Grange =
taught farmers how to organize 
Led to Farmers Alliance = 4 Million Members

9. Unit 2 Essay #3—Interactive Notes—pg. 222
What is Bimetallism? What is the Gold Standard?
Which of these did the populist support? Why? (see chart)

10. II. How did Progressives think problems should be solved ?
REFORM =
change for the better
through better LAWS & MORAL behavior
What is “moral behavior”?
Is hiring kids to work rather than going to school, moral?

11. II. How did Progressives think problems should be solved ?
So, The GOVERNMENT is responsible for protecting the PEOPLE
Whatever is good for the COMMUNITY as a whole (the nation, each CITY or town) =
PUBLIC INTEREST
Ex. NY soda

12. II. How did Progressives think problems should be solved ?

13. Lester Ward, Sociologist

14. LESTER WARD = ANALYST, SOCIOLOGIST
INTEREST
PUBLIC
LESTER WARD = ANALYST, SOCIOLOGIST
INVENTED THIS CONCEPT
WROTE ABOUT IT

15. PROTECTS THE COMMUNITY
GOVERNMENT SERVES
THE PEOPLE
PROTECTS THE COMMUNITY
LESTER WARD = ANALYST, SOCIOLOGIST
INVENTED THIS CONCEPT
WROTE ABOUT IT
PUBLIC
INTEREST

16. MUST PASS LAWS & REGULATIONS TO PROTECT THE COMMUNITY
GOVERNMENT SERVES
THE PEOPLE
PROTECTS THE COMMUNITY
GOVERNMENT
MUST PASS LAWS & REGULATIONS
TO PROTECT
THE COMMUNITY
LESTER WARD = ANALYST, SOCIOLOGIST
INVENTED THIS CONCEPT
WROTE ABOUT IT
PUBLIC
INTEREST

17. BUSINESSES & INDIVIDUALS MUST BE REGULATED TO LIMIT
GOVERNMENT SERVES
THE PEOPLE
PROTECTS THE COMMUNITY
LESTER WARD = ANALYST, SOCIOLOGIST
INVENTED THIS CONCEPT
WROTE ABOUT IT
GOVERNMENT
MUST PASS LAWS & REGULATIONS
TO PROTECT
THE COMMUNITY
PUBLIC
INTEREST
BUSINESSES & INDIVIDUALS
MUST BE REGULATED
TO LIMIT
ANTI-COMMUNITY BEHAVIOR

18. PROGRESSIVES OPPOSED BY BIG BUSINESS, SOCIAL DARWINISTS,
GOVERNMENT SERVES
THE PEOPLE
PROTECTS THE COMMUNITY
LESTER WARD = ANALYST, SOCIOLOGIST
INVENTED THIS CONCEPT
WROTE ABOUT IT
PUBLIC
INTEREST
GOVERNMENT
MUST PASS LAWS & REGULATIONS
TO PROTECT
THE COMMUNITY
PROGRESSIVES OPPOSED BY
BIG BUSINESS,
SOCIAL DARWINISTS,
CONSERVATIVES,
WHO DISLIKE GOVT.
REGULATIONS
BUSINESSES & INDIVIDUALS
MUST BE REGULATED
TO LIMIT
ANTI-COMMUNITY BEHAVIOR

19. II. How did Progressives think problems should be solved ?
B. Goals & Objectives:
1st priority =
POLITICAL reform – clean-up govt. – get rid of CORRUPTION (Political Machines / Bosses)
Why political reform 1st ?
Governments cannot make GOOD reform laws if they are CORUPT.

20. II. How did Progressives think problems should be solved ?
B. Other Priorities =
ECONOMIC & SOCIAL reforms
(social) = ???
(economic) = ???

21. II. How did Progressives think problems should be solved ?
Also Progressives believe that
GOOD MORALS can solve problems, such as:
Alcohol abuse – is drinking immoral behavior?
TEMPERANCE Movement = _______ Alcohol drinking.

22. III. Example Progressives
Ida M. Tarbell
find her in the Index
Answer the questions on your class notes
Florence Kelley
find her in the Index
Answer the questions on your class notes

23. Interactive Notes— Pg. 145 Describe the Second Great Awakening?
By 1800, how many people belonged in a church, by 1850 how many?
Pg. 147
List 3 ways women tried to improve society (exclude Doretha Dix’s contributions).
What type of progressive was Dorthea Dix? What did she fight to improve?