1. Chapter 3 Muscle and Nervous Tissues
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology
Seventh Edition
Elaine N. Marieb
Chapter 3 Muscle and Nervous Tissues
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

2. Muscle Tissue Highly specialized to contract or shroten
Function is to produce movement
Three types
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
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Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

3. Muscle Tissue Types Skeletal muscle Can be controlled voluntarily
Cells attach to connective tissue
Cells are multinucleate, long, striated and cylindrical.
Cells are ofte called muscle fibers.
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

5. Muscle Tissue Types Cardiac muscle Found only in the heart
Function is to pump blood (involuntary control)
Cells attached to other cardiac muscle cells at intercalated disks
Cells are striated
One nucleus per cell
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

7. Muscle Tissue Types Smooth or visceral muscle Involuntary muscle
Surrounds hollow organs (stomach, bladder, uterus, blood vessels.
Attached to other smooth muscle cells
No visible striations
Cells have one nucleus and are
spindle-shaped
Contracts much more slowly than the others
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

9. Nervous Tissue Neurons and nerve support cells
Function is to send and receive electrochemical impulses.
Major functional characteristics: Irritability and conductivity
Neurons and group of supporting cells make up the structures of the nervous system
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

11. Tissue Repair Body barriers for self-defense at tissue level Skin
Mucous membranes
Cilia
Gastric acid
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12. Tissue Repair Regeneration Fibrosis Determination of method
Replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells
Fibrosis
Repair by dense fibrous connective tissue (scar tissue)
Determination of method
Type of tissue damaged
Severity of the injury
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Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

13. Events in Tissue Repair
Capillaries become very permeable
Introduce clotting proteins
Wall off injured area
Formation of granulation tissue
Regeneration of surface epithelium
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Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

14. Regeneration of Tissues
Tissues that regenerate easily
Epithelial tissue
Fibrous connective tissue and bone
Tissues that regenerate poorly
Skeletal muscle
Tissues that are replaced largely with scar tissue
Cardiac muscle
Nervous tissue within the brain and spinal cord
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Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings