1. Unit 7
The secondary sector

2. 1. The secondary sector Industry Mining Energy production Construction
Economic activities that transform raw materials into other products in order to meet human needs
Industry
Mining
Energy production
Construction

3. Industry
Transforms raw materials into finishe products or semifinished products
Industry needs:
- Raw materials
- Energy sources
- The production factors: worforce, capital and technology

4. Other activities
Mining locating, extrcting and refining the rocks and minerals that are in the ground. It requires:
Prospecting methods
Extraction techniques (quaries or mines)
Refining systems(separate the ore from the gangue)
Energy production transforms fuel into forms of energy
Construction creates different types of structures and infraestructure

5. 2. Industrial raw materials
Raw materials of biological origin
Plant raw materials: from agriculture and forestry
Animal raw materials: from livestock farming and fishing
Raw materials of geological origin  found in deposits in the ground
Minerals: used to extract metals, precious metals, and non-metallic materials
Rocks: used directly to make products and to manufacturate construction materials
Fossil fuels: to obtain energy

6. 3. Sources of energy * Alternative or green sources
Traditional sources

8. 4. The evolution of industry
Manual industry Before the 18th century. Work by hand with traditional instruments.
Modern industry First an Second Industrial Revolutions. Machines were used with more powerful sources of energy
Industry today Third Industrial Revolution. Automated work, new energy sources and technology.

9. 5. Types of industry and industrial spaces
Basic Industries
Capital goods industries
Consumer goods industries
Heavy industries
Light industries
Industrial spaces
Industrial estates
Technology parks
High-tech zones

10. 6. The industry in the age of globalisation