1. Enhanced Geocoding Toolkit
Project SEDUC
Socio-Environmental Disorder and Urban Configuration
Data Geocoding
Enhanced Geocoding Toolkit

2. Enhanced Geocoding Toolkit
Project SEDUC
Socio-Environmental Disorder and Urban Configuration
Geocoding Issues
Incident
Location
~50%
Analysis
Geocoding
Crime reports
Enhanced Geocoding Toolkit
FLARE data

3. Project SEDUC Socio-Environmental Disorder and Urban Configuration
Standard geocoding
~50%
Enhanced geocoding
~90%
Details of pan-London study in:
Brimicombe A..J.; Brimicombe, L..C. & Li, Y. (2007) Improving geocoding rates in preparation for crime data analysis. International Journal of Police Science and Management 9: 80-92

4. Project SEDUC Socio-Environmental Disorder and Urban Configuration
Enhanced Geocoding Toolkit: a multi-level approach – from L1 to L4
Pre-Process Cleansing
Functions: removal of non-address data, postcode cleaning etc.
L1 Standard Address Point Geocoding (Matchcode used for this procedure)
L1 Level
Batch process to address level
Address point data
PAF data
Yes
Geocoded to
level L1
Is the record geocoded? No

5. Project SEDUC Socio-Environmental Disorder and Urban Configuration
street junction data derived from OS ITN
gazetteer data
Yes
Geocoded to
level L1
Is the record geocoded? No
L2 & L3 Advanced Geocoding
geocode using other location information e.g junction data, station name etc.
L2 Level
Yes
Geocoded to
level L2
Is the record geocoded? No
L3 Level
geocode using postcode information
CodePoint data
Yes
Geocoded to
level L3
Is the record geocoded? No

6. Project SEDUC Socio-Environmental Disorder and Urban Configuration
street point data derived from OS ITN
CAD-ref data
L4 Geocoding at street level
Geocoding using CAD-ref and street name
L4 Level No
Yes
Geocoded to
level L4
Is the record geocoded?
Move geocoded database
Add Validation code
End of process

7. Project SEDUC Socio-Environmental Disorder and Urban Configuration
Enhanced Geocoding Toolkit
Level
No. geocoded % L1
50,363
55.4 L2
4,164
4.6 L3
13,061
14.4 L4
15,258
16.8
Total
82,846
91.1
Brimicombe A.J. Brimicombe, L. Li, Y Improving geocoding rates in preparation for crime data analysis. International Journal of Police Science and Management. 9: ISSN

8. Project SEDUC Socio-Environmental Disorder and Urban Configuration
Batch cleaning with this toolkit will increase geocoding rate and be consistent for the bulk of the data
We can see the difference the multi-level gecoding method made.
This is the density map for geocoded data at Level x.
90,904 records of all crime

9. Project SEDUC Socio-Environmental Disorder and Urban Configuration
Newham
Time period: Two years
January 2006 to December 2007
Total records in data set:
70,812
Anti-social behaviour records:
48,698
Variables: ASB incident type; date, time
Geo-coded records:
98% (47,617 records)
ASB incident types: 160 in total with sub-codes
- drunken behaviour
- Threatening/violent behaviour
- Vandalism
- drug related
- Fly tipping
- Graffiti
- Hooliganism/Loutish behaviour
- Intimidation
- Noising neighbours
- Harassment
- Problematic congregation

10. Project SEDUC
Socio-Environmental Disorder and Urban Configuration

11. Project SEDUC Socio-Environmental Disorder and Urban Configuration
Tower Hamlets
Time period: Two years
January 2006 to December 2007
Total records in data set:
4, 327
Anti-social behaviour records:
4,327
Variables: ASB category type; date, time
Geo-coded records:
94% (4065 records)
ASB incident types: 17
- Anti-Social Behaviour Alcohol Related
- Damage to property
- Disability Related Incidents
- Drugs Harassment
- Dumping of Rubbish
- Faith Related Incidents
- Homophobic Incidents
- Noise Harassment
- Public Disorder (Sexual Acts)
- Race Related Incidents
- Threat of Violence/Nuisance

12. Project SEDUC
Socio-Environmental Disorder and Urban Configuration

13. Project SEDUC Socio-Environmental Disorder and Urban Configuration
Barking and Dagenham
Time period: Two years
April 2006 to March 2008
Total records in data set:
670
Anti-social behaviour records:
668
Variables: ASB category type; date, time
Geo-coded records:
99.6% (665)
ASB incident types: 19
- Drug / substance misuse & dealing
- Street drinking
- Environmental
- Vehicle related nuisance & Inappropriate vehicle
- Noise
- Rowdy & Nuisance Behaviour
- General Harassment
- Racial Harrassment
- Criminal damage / vandalism
- Rubbish
- Grafitti - Non Offensive

14. Project SEDUC
Socio-Environmental Disorder and Urban Configuration