1. Organic vs. Inorganic Compounds
Another way of classifying chemical compounds…

2. Organic Compounds
In science, organic compounds contain carbon (C), and usually hydrogen (H)

3. Carbon has four electrons in its valence shell, which allows for more chemical bonding possibilities than any other element.

4. Inorganic Compounds
Inorganic compounds do not contain carbon with 2 exceptions:
Carbon Monoxide and Carbon Dioxide
Compounds containing carbonate (CO32-) ions

6. Organic or Inorganic Organic Octane C8 H18 Starch (C6 H 10 O5 )n
Starch
(C6 H 10 O5 )n
Carbon Dioxide
CO2
Methane
CH4
Neon Ne
Sodium Na
Lactose (milk)
C12 H 22 O11
Ethyl alcohol
C2 H5 OH
Steroid
C27 H46
Hydrogen peroxide
H2O2
Propane
C3 H 8
Carbon monoxide CO
Fructose (fruit)
C6H12O6
Ammonia
NH3
Wax
C25H52
Sodium Chloride
NaCl
Sand
SiO2
Sucrose
C12H22O11
Water
H2O
Seashells
CaCO3
Cellulose (wood)
(C6H10O5 )n
Drano
KOH
Glucose
Organic
Inorganic
Organic
Inorganic
Inorganic
Organic
Organic
Organic
Inorganic
Organic
Inorganic
Organic
Inorganic
Organic
Inorganic
Inorganic
Organic
Inorganic
Inorganic
Organic
Inorganic
Organic

7. A hydrocarbon is an organic compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen.
Hydrocarbons are based on a carbon chain, with hydrogen atoms added on the sides.
See pages

8. The simplest hydrocarbons are ones that you might recognize and have even used!
Methane (CH4)--- main component of natural gas
Ethane (C2H6)--- also found in natural gas
Propane (C3H8) --- used as a fuel for BBQs
Butane (C4H10) --- an extremely flammable fluid used in industrial torches
Pentane (C5H12)---a liquid used to make fuel
Formula CnH2n+2
All hydrocarbons are flammable, and most are liquids are room temperature

9. Organic Compounds Alcohols are organic compounds with C, H, and O.
Alcohols are very good solvents (they dissolve other substances).
Alcohols are generally very flammable.
See pages

10. Organic Compounds The simplest alcohols are:
Methanol (CH4O)--- used in labs as a solvent but causes blindness!
Ethanol (C2H6O)---is a psychoactive drug (present in alcohol), but is now being considered as a fuel source
Isopropyl alcohol (C3H8O)---rubbing alcohol used to sterile cuts
Alcohols are generally very flammable

11. Three different representations:
Structural formula- lists the elements and their proportions in the order they are bonded
Shortened Structural Formula
Molecular Formula
CH3OH
Methanol
CH4
CH4O
Methane
CH3CH3
Acetic Acid (Vinegar)
C2H6
C2H4O2
CH3COOH

12. Three different representations:
Space-filling model- similar to a ball-and-stick model, but an animated model that shows how elements are connected
Methylisocyanate- a valuable synthetic component for biology CH3N=C=S
Heme- the iron-containing component of hemoglobin, C34H32FeN4O4