2. Second Industrial Revolution
Technological Revolution

3. Westward Expansion
A need for massive industry to reach the California port cities.
A need to expedite the gold from the mines.
Railroad tracks would have to be laid across the Plains to open up trade.
Idea of Manifest Destiny

4. New Territories—New Resources
The United States was overcome with an abundance of natural resources from these new territories
New innovations in transportation such as: roads, steamboats, steam engines, canals, railroads etc. would link former isolated communities together.
For the first time goods from the American interior could be shipped directly to the Atlantic.

5. Inventions
Inventions during the Second Industrial Revolution were interconnected.
The railroad spurred the growth of the telegraph.
The telegraph and later the telephone would bring in an era of instant communication.

6. Technological Advances in the Second Industrial Revolution
1870s-automatic signals, air brakes, knuckle couplers on the railroads; Bessemer and Open Hearth Process in Steel Mills; the telephone, electric light and typewriter
1880s-the elevator and structural steel for buildings leading to “skyscrapers”
1890s-the phonograph and motion pictures; the electric generator (refrigerator and washing machines) replaced water and steam powered engines; the internal combustion engine (first automobiles and airplanes by 1903)

7. Alexander Graham Bell
In 1871 Alexander Graham Bell moved to Boston and began work on a device that would allow for telegraph transmission of messages.
At this time he became interested in other ideas of transmitting human voice over wires.
From 1874 to 1875 Bell would work on the telegraph and the voice transmitting device.
On March 10, 1876 Bell was successful in transmitting his voice through the wire for the first telephone call.

8. Thomas Edison One of the greatest inventors of the 19th century.
Developed many telegraph related products from
In 1877 he developed the carbon transmitter-a device that improved the audibility of the telephone which made it possible to transmit voices at a higher volume with better clarity.
In 1878, Edison focused on inventing a safe inexpensive electric light to replace the gas light
Westinghouse-first modern day research laboratory