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The Renaissance in Art & Architecture
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Pre-Renaissance Art Iconographic figures no perspective little realism
utilitarian artwork religious artwork
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Giotto Lived in the early 14th century
considered the first to use perspective introduced the “coherence of art” theory painted several religious works view Mourning of Christ
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Gothic Architecture Use of barrel vaults and groin vaults
Use of flying buttresses Use of stained glass Last example of medieval labyrinth Best example is Chartres Cathedral
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Chartres
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Perspective First used by Giotto Revived by Massaccio
defines start of Renaissance in painting uses vanishing point adds realism to painting view Massaccio’s Trinity
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Compare this use of perspective to Byzantine icons
find the vanishing point see how lines drawn from the vanishing point aid in the realism of the painting
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Massaccio Revives use of perspective in 15th century uses pyramid form
revived Giotto’s idea of “coherence of art”
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Jan van Eyck Representative of Northern Renaissance
known for portraits poetic use of verse and symbols in painting view Arnolfini Marriage
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Botticelli Italian painter known for classical subjects
illustrates importance of line in painting view Birth of Venus Botticelli
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Raphael Promotes the human figure Best known for Madonnas
Tries to show character in portraits Prolific artist
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Raphael's Works
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Woodcuts Were usually illustrations for books
often depict superstitions, temptations & evil line engravings next generation of woodcuts Durer is finest example of woodcut artist
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Durer German engraved wood, copper, iron & stone also painter
mainstreamed idea of chiaroscuro View Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse & Prodigal Son
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Religious Reliefs Church pays for majority of artwork
there are some individual patrons goal is to exalt patron and God view Ghiberti’s & Brunelleschi’s Sacrifice of Abraham
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Sculpture Revisit classical sculpture
introduce new methods in bronze-casting compare David of Donatello, Verrocchio & Michelangelo
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David
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Architecture Reaffirm discovery of perspective
attempt to redefine classical ideals of proportion Brunelleschi, Palladio & Michelangelo are wonderful examples of Renaissance architects
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Brunelleschi Lived in turn of 1300s
revived ancient building techniques consulted about dome of Florence Cathedral combined vertical Gothic ribs with ancient horizontal supports
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Palladio Lived during the 16th century
adds classical elements to religious & domestic structures wrote I Quattro Libri dell’ Architettura in 1570 defined classical architecture
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Michelangelo Also known as painter and sculptor
lived in early 16th century designed St. Peter’s Basilica best known for Sistine Chapel ceiling, Pieta & David
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Michelangelo
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The Renaissance Man Epitomized by Leonardo da Vinci
known as painter, architect, inventor, scultor, writer, scientist & military engineer not as prolific as other artists
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Leonardo's Works
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Resources Used Kren, Emil & Marx, Daniel. Web Gallery of Art. Online at 8/26/2002. Pioch, Nicholas. WebMuseum of Paris. 02 July Online at 8/26/2002. Clark, Curtis. The Internet Renaissance Band Online at 8/30/2003.
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