1. In response to the Gilded Age
Progressivism
In response to the Gilded Age
The Progressive Era – about reform, not revolution
Social progress was possible and, in fact, necessary
-Make economic life fairer and more competitive
-Make political life more democratic
-Make social life more moral and more just
-Broaden opportunities while eliminating privilege and favoritism
Series of complimentary, and sometimes conflicting, movements

2. Who were the Progressives?
Growing Middle-class, nouveau riche (newly wealthy)
Fear revolution from the lower (working) classes
Benefit from the system as it is
Favor reform, before the system is overthrown

3. Muckrakers Exposes and sensational journalism
Audience is the new middle class
Uncover society’s problems
Areas: monopolies, immigrant life, urban problems like overcrowding, diseases, sanitation, vice, corruption, political corruption at all levels, factory conditions, especially for women and children, business/government collusion, specific industries, like meatpacking

4. Ida B. Wells-Barnett

5. Jacob Riis
How the Other Half Lives

6. Municipal Reform Move toward city managers, city councils
Rise of Experts

7. Ida Tarbell & Standard Oil

8. Meat Packing Industry Pure Food & Drug Act Meat Inspection Act
Upton Sinclair
The Jungle
Pure Food & Drug Act
Meat Inspection Act

9. Female Reformers Education Economics
Idea of “Separate Spheres” morphs into reform
Feminine Duty
Realistic fear of childbirth
Lesbians
Limits in life

10. Prohibition Movement Women’s Christian Temperance Movement (WCTU)
Support from business owners

11. The Settlement House Movement
Jane Addams and Hull House

12. Assimilation vs. accommodation
Generational issues

13. Florence Kelley Reformer rather than philanthropist
“Radicalized” Jane Addams
Illinois State Bureau of Labor Stats. 1892

14. Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire

17. IWW
International Workers of the World
Inclusive
Radical
Vilified

18. Birth Control and Margaret Sanger

19. Women’s Suffrage
National American Women’s Suffrage Association (NAWSA)
Liberal – work through the system to change the system
Carrie Chapman Catt

20. Suffrage Con’t Alice Paul
-Experience in British Women’s Suffrage movement
Alice Paul
-Ejected from NAWSA for radicalism
1915 – forms Women’s Party
“Deeds Not Words”

21. Suffragettes

23. Jeanette Rankin (Montana)
Amendment introduced in 1918
1921 – 19th Amendment, Women’s Suffrage

24. Progressive Amendments
1913 – 16th Amendment – Federal income tax
1913 – 17th Amendment – direct election of Senators
1919 – 18th Amendment – Prohibition (of the manufacture, sale or distribution of alcohol)
1921 – 19th Amendment – Women’s Suffrage

25. The Great Migration

26. Race Riots
Chicago, 1919
Tulsa, 1921
Omaha, 1919